数字平台义务创设的宪法基础  

The Constitutional Basis for Creating Digital Platform Obligations

作　　者：陈斌[1] Chen Bin

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（宪法学、行政法学）》2023年第9期3-19,共17页CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

摘　　要：现代宪法如何应对新型社会权力,是数字法治领域的关键议题。宪法的根本法和总章程性质意味着,宪法机制无法缺位于数字时代。在平台社会,数字平台需要承担公共义务,但义务的基础,不能被简化为优势地位,而是源于复合的权力束结构。数字平台权力的兴起,使得宪法观念需因时调整,融入具有社会向度的社会宪法观。在既有理论谱系中,宪法私人间效力理论、社会宪治理论、数字立宪主义理论,均呈现了宪法介入社会关系的理论图景,但在面向实践时也有内在限度。回到“八二宪法”之中,可以借助宪法义务机制,对数字平台权力予以合理约束。宪法上数字平台的公共义务包括法秩序维护义务、共同体秩序守护义务、基本权利促成义务。置于数字化场景之中,上述义务能够在平台规范备案、数字平台立法细化、行政裁量与司法裁判说理中产生积极效用,从而提供一种宪法视角,塑造稳固的数字法治秩序。How modern constitutional law deals with new types of social power is a key issue in the field of digi-tal rule of law.The fundamental and general charter nature of the constitution means that constitutional mechanisms cannot be absent in the digital age.Since constitutional norms often embody relevant jurisprudence,it is urgent to pro-mote the research of the digital rule of law from the perspective of constitutional law.In the platform society,digital platforms need to assume public obligations,but the basis of the obligations cannot be reduced to the dominant posi-tion,but stems from its composite power bundle structure.Specifically,organizational power,contractual power,and empowerment power are all intrinsic elements of digital platform power.In the digital age,the geometric relationship between state power and individual rights has indeed changed due to the addition of digital social power.In the new re-lationship,it is important to directly confront social power and find appropriate constitutional coordinates for it,rather than recognizing the importance of restraining social power but being subject to the inertia of thinking,and only find-ing indirect balancing solutions at the poles in the relationship between the state and the individual.In general,the rise of digital platform power has made it necessary for the concept of the constitution to be adjusted and integrated in-to the social constitutional concept.In the existing theoretical spectrum,the theory of the private effect of the constitu-tion,social constitutionalism theory and the theory of digital constitutionalism all present the theoretical picture of the constitution's intervention in social relations,but they also have inherent limits in practice.This means that,although the essence of digital technology is common in the global digital era and the results of digital platform power alienation are similar,there is no universal solution to the problems in constitutional governance,and it is still necessary to re-turn to the historical tradition

关 键 词：平台权力 平台义务 根本法 数字立宪主义 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]