公共机构的数据持有者权--多元数据开放体系的基础制度  

Data Holder Right of Public Organizations:Basic Institutions of the Multiple Data Opening System

作　　者：高富平[1] Gao Fuping

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学法律学院,上海200042

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（宪法学、行政法学）》2023年第10期55-70,共16页CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

摘　　要：在我国,越来越多的地方立法呈现出以公共数据开放替代政务(政府)数据开放的制度趋势。公共数据被定义为公共机构在履行公共管理和公共服务过程中所形成的数据。凡落入公共数据范畴,就应当汇集于公共数据开放平台以向社会开放。但公共数据不是被事先界定的,而应当依据数据开放行为的性质来定义所开放数据的性质,既充分实现数字政府的公共数据服务职能,同时使公共机构所持有的数据资源对接数据要素市场,满足社会对高质量可再利用数据要素的需求。在数据成为生产要素,数据持有者权成为数据基础制度核心的背景下,应当分别确立社会主体、政府和其他公共机构的数据持有者权,以清晰界定数据治理、流通利用的权责边界,从而构建多元的数据开放体系。In our country,more and more local legislation presents the trend of replacing government affairs(gov-ernment)data opening with public data opening.Public data is defined as the data formed by public institutions in the process of performing public management and service.Where it falls into the category of public data,it should be col-lected in the public data open platform to open to the society.However,public data is not defined in advance,and the nature of open data should be defined according to the nature of data opening behavior,which not only fully realizes the public data service function of digital government,but also enables the data resources held by public institutions to connect with the data element market,so as to meet the social demand for high-quality reusable data elements.Un-der the background that data has become a production element and Data holder right has become the core of the basic system of data,Data holder right of social subjects,governments and other public institutions should be established re-spectively to clearly define the boundary of rights and responsibilities of data governance,circulation and utilization,so as to build a diversified data opening system.

关 键 词：公共数据 数据开放 数据持有者权 数据基础制度 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D922.1[政治法律—法学]