当代西方人权理论的核心争议评述--基于忠于实践标准的考察  

An Evaluation of the Core Controversies in Contemporary Western Human Rights Theory:A Study Based on the Examination of Adherence to Practical Standards

作　　者：李聘 Li Dan

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（宪法学、行政法学）》2023年第12期101-116,共16页CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目“当代中国人权理论和话语研究”(项目批准号:22XNA006)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：发展中国特色人权理论以及参与全球人权治理均离不开对当代西方人权理论的关注。自然主义人权观与政治性人权观的争论由来已久,然而对评判人权理论基本标准的讨论并不充分。本文以忠于实践标准为核心,试图找到人权理论的发展脉络与方向。自然主义人权观主张的普遍性及其开具的人权清单均受到背离实践的指摘,政治性人权观一方面忽视了人权国内实践,另一方面面临偶然性以及批判性丧失的指摘。泛实践论试图找到超越两大人权观分野的第三条道路。一方面泛实践论自身面临着弊端与重塑,另一方面传统的单一实践理论也在自我革新着。可以说,当代西方人权理论的“内部批判”已然并将继续进行着。The development of theories on human rights with Chinese characteristics and China's engagement in global human rights governance cannot be separated from attention to contemporary Western human rights theory.The debate between naturalistic and political conceptions of human rights has a long history,but discussions on the basic criteria for evaluating human rights theories have been insufficient This article,focusing on adherence to practical standards,attempts to identify the development trajectory and direction of human rights theory.The universal claims of naturalistic human rights perspectives and the human rights catalog they propose have been criticized for deviating from practice.On the other hand,political conceptions of human rights,while emphasizing domestic human rights practices,have been criticized for their occasional nature and perceived loss of criticality.The pan-practical theory seeks a third way that goes beyond the divide between these two perspectives.On the one hand,the theory itself faces limitations and the need for reshaping,while on the other hand,the traditional singular practice theory is also undergo-ing self-renewal.It can be said that the"internal critique"of contemporary Western human rights theory is already un-derway and will continue.

关 键 词：人权实践 自然主义人权观 政治性人权观 泛实践论 单一实践理论 

分 类 号：D815.7[政治法律—国际关系]