表面活性剂流体的空化-冲蚀耦合射流试验研究  

Experimental study of coupled cavitation-erosion jets with viscoelastic surfactant solution

作　　者：王治国[1,3,4] 刘阳 魏然[2] 王文娟[1] 唐春丽 景玮 WANG Zhiguo;LIU Yang;WEI Ran;WANG Wenjuan;TANG Chunli;JING Wei(College of New Energy,Xi'an Shiyou University,Xi'an 710065,China;Petrochina Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Beijing 100083,China;Xi'an Key Laboratory of Wellbore Integrity Evaluation,Xi'an 710065,China;Engineering Research Center of Smart Energy and Carbon Neutral in Oil&Gas Field,Universities of Shaanxi Province,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学新能源学院,西安710065 [2]中石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [3]西安市井完整性重点实验室,西安710065 [4]油气田智慧能源与碳中和陕西省高校工程研究中心,西安710065

出　　处：《流体机械》2024年第6期1-9,40,共10页Fluid Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52074220)。

摘　　要：为了研究赫姆霍兹空化喷嘴的射流机理,依据空化射流理论,以低黏度黏弹性表面活性剂(VES)溶液为介质,基于Schnerr-Sauer空化模型与DPM模型对赫姆霍兹自激振荡空化喷嘴进行流场仿真,对添加颗粒后的VES空化-冲蚀耦合射流近壁面流场特性与颗粒撞击壁面的运动特性进行了数值模拟,并通过淹没射流试验台开展空化-冲蚀耦合射流试验,探讨了VES溶液空化-冲蚀耦合射流对靶材的冲击特性。结果表明:相比于清水,VES射流能够提供更高的冲蚀速率,为清水冲蚀速率的1.37倍,达到3.29×10^(-3)kg/kg;同等条件下,空化喷嘴的冲蚀速率为7.47×10^(-4) kg/kg,略小于流线型喷嘴,但空化喷嘴对靶材的冲蚀凹坑直径为10.5 mm,大于流线型喷嘴的7.5 mm,并且空化喷嘴对靶材的的冲击形貌为V形,相比于流线型喷嘴的W形,更有利于钻井破岩。通过分析空化作用及流体性质对靶材冲蚀特性的差异,阐述了VES溶液空化-冲蚀耦合的射流机理,研究成果为基于VES的空化-冲蚀耦合射流辅助钻井以及提高井下破岩效率提供了新的思路。In order to study the jet mechanism of the Helmholtz cavitation nozzle,based on the cavitation jet theory,a low viscosity viscoelastic surfactant(VES)solution was used as the medium,and the Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model and DPM model were used to simulate the flow field of the Helmholtz self-excited oscillation cavitation nozzle.The flow field characteristics near the wall of the VES cavitation-erosion coupled jet with added particles and the motion characteristics of particles impacting the wall were numerically simulated,and cavitation-erosion coupled jet experiments were conducted through the submerged jet test bench to explore the impact characteristics of VES solution cavitation-erosion coupled jet on the target material.The results show that compared with clean water,VES jet can provide a higher erosion rate,which is 1.37 times that of clean water,reaching 3.29×10^(-3) kg/kg.Under the same conditions,the erosion rate of the cavitation nozzle is 7.47×10^(-4)kg/kg,which is slightly lower than that of the streamlined nozzle.However,the diameter of the cavitation nozzle for the erosion pit on the target is 10.5 mm,which is larger than 7.5 mm of the streamlined nozzle.Moreover,the impact morphology of the cavitation nozzle on the target is V-shaped,which is more conducive to rock drilling and breaking than W-shape of the streamlined nozzle.By analyzing the difference of cavitation and fluid properties on the erosion characteristics of target material,the coupled jet mechanism of VES solution was expounded.The research findings provide new insights for applying VES-based cavitation-erosion coupled jets in assisting drilling and improving downhole rock-breaking efficiency.

关 键 词：黏弹性表面活性剂 空化 冲蚀 耦合 射流 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]