基于柔性转子的液膜密封稳态性能研究  

Study on steady-state performance of liquid film seal based on flexible rotor

作　　者：张菊华 郝木明[1] 李天照 商凯杰 宋凯亮 王长钊 任宝杰 ZHANG Juhua;HAO Muming;LI Tianzhao;SHANG Kaijie;SONG Kailiang;WANG Changzhao;REN Baojie(College of New Energy,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China;Dongying Hiscien Sealing Technology Company Limited,Dongying 257067,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)新能源学院,山东青岛266580 [2]东营海森密封技术有限公司,山东东营257067

出　　处：《流体机械》2024年第6期90-98,共9页Fluid Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51975585)。

摘　　要：为了研究转子柔性状态下动力学特征对航空发动机附件机匣轴端液膜密封的影响,结合转子的振幅、弯曲角度和热流体动力润滑理论,建立了柔性转子-液膜密封稳态分析模型,探究柔性转子-液膜密封的成膜机理,研究偏心量、倾斜角度、结构参数和工况参数对液膜密封性能影响规律。结果表明:当动环发生偏心时,液膜压力分布呈现不均匀性,随着偏心量由0.1 mm增至0.5 mm时,密封泄漏量上升了11.84%;倾斜角度的增加在一定程度上可以减弱膜压不均匀性,但对密封性能的影响不明显,当倾斜角度从1×10^(-5) rad升至3×10^(-5) rad时,泄漏量仅增加2.1%;在工况参数不变时,适当减少螺旋槽数,并选取合适的螺旋角度,可以有效抑制泄漏现象;在相同的结构参数条件下,适当降低转速及压差可以有效降低泄漏量;基于柔性转子的液膜密封由于较大偏心量的存在,会导致密封性能下降,此外,高转速与大压差会进一步增加泄漏量,工程应用中可通过减少槽数,修改螺旋角度的方式抑制泄漏。研究可为液膜密封的优化设计提供理论依据。In order to investigate the influence of the dynamic characteristics of a flexible rotor on the liquid film seal at the shaft end of an aerospace engine component housing,a steady-state analysis model of the flexible rotor-liquid film seal was established in combination with the rotor’s amplitude,deflection angle,and thermal fluid hydrodynamic lubrication theory.The film formation mechanism of the flexible rotor-liquid film seal was explored,and the effects of eccentricity,tilt angle,structural parameters,and operating condition parameters on the sealing performance of the liquid film seal were studied.The results show that when the rotating ring offsets,the pressure distribution of the liquid film becomes non-uniform.As the eccentricity increases from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm,the leakage of the seal increases by 11.84%.Increasing the tilt angle can reduce the pressure non-uniformity to some extent but has a negligible effect on the sealing performance.When the tilt angle increases from 1×10^(-5) rad to 3×10^(-5) rad,the leakage only increases by 2.1%.By reducing the number of spiral grooves appropriately and selecting the appropriate spiral angle while keeping the operating conditions constant,the leakage phenomenon can be effectively suppressed.Under the same structural parameters,reducing the rotational speed and pressure difference appropriately can effectively reduce the leakage.Due to the presence of a large eccentricity in the liquid film seal of the flexible rotor,the sealing performance will be decreased.Additionally,high rotational speed and large pressure difference will further increase the leakage rate.In engineering applications,leakage can be suppressed by reducing the number of grooves and modifying the spiral angle.Research can provide theoretical basis for the optimization design of liquid film seals.

关 键 词：航空发动机 柔性转子 转子动力学特性 液膜密封 密封性能 

分 类 号：TH134[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]