个人信息积极利用的类型区分与合同构造  

Type Classification and Contract Construction of Actively Utilizing Personal Information

作　　者：武腾[1] Wu Teng

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学法学院

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（民商法学）》2023年第10期113-126,共14页Civil and Commercial Law

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“国家大数据战略下数据交易的合同法问题研究”(项目编号:18CFX050)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：在个人与企业之间实现个人信息积极利用的主要手段是合同。只有将个人信息处理方式与处理目的结合起来作整体性评价,才能准确界定个人在合同关系中付出的代价以及合同的性质、类型。为直接帮助企业实现制作用户画像、提高机器学习能力等目的,个人同意企业处理大规模个人信息的,个人系向企业提供具有人身专属性的劳务;个人提供劳务虽然是合同具备有偿性的根据,但不构成个人的给付义务。在个人与企业之间的“劳务交换服务”合同中,个人享有任意解除权,其对大规模个人信息处理同意的撤回不应受到合同的限制。对特定个人信息的积极利用,一般属于人格权客体商业化利用的范畴,可通过特定个人信息许可使用合同予以实现,与其最相类似的合同是肖像许可使用合同;个人基于正当理由可以解除合同,其对特定个人信息处理同意的撤回应当受到合同的限制。Contracts are the main means to realize the active use of personal information between individuals and enterprises.Only by combining the way of processing personal information with the purpose of it can we accurately define the cost paid by individuals in the contractual relationship as well as the nature and type of the contract.In order to directly help the enterprise to achieve the purpose of making user portraits and improving machine learning ability,the individual may agree to the enterprise to process large-scale personal information;in that case,the individual's behavior should be defined as providing service.Although the service provided by an individual is the compensatory basis of the contract,it does not constitute an individual's obligation.In the"service in exchange for service"contract between individuals and enterprises,individuals have the discretionary termination right,and their right to withdrawal of consent to large-scale personal information processing should not be restricted by the contract.The active use of specific personal information belongs to the commercial use of the object of personality fight,which is generally realized through the licensing contract of specific personal information,and the most similar contract is the licensing contract of portrait.An individual may terminate the licensing contract for a compelling reason,and the withdrawal of consent to the processing of specific personal information can be restricted by the contract.

关 键 词：个人信息 数据交易 劳务交换服务 任意解除权 撤回同意 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学] D922.16[政治法律—法学]