大数据警务中比例原则的适用研究  

Research on the Application of Proportional Principle in Big Data Policing

作　　者：戚莹[1] Qi Ying(Henan Police Academy,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南警察学院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《湖北警官学院学报》2024年第3期5-11,共7页Journal of Hubei University of Police

基　　金：国家社科基金项目2023年度重大项目“数据主权与国家主权研究”(22&ZD200);河南警察学院科研项目“大数据时代数据警务的法治挑战与应对”(HNJY-2023-18)。

摘　　要：比例原则有助于在警察权运行和公民权益保障之间寻找有效的平衡,是大数据警务中不可或缺的重要原则。从行政过程论的视角审视大数据警务的应用,存在一些基于比例原则的争议点:适当性缺失——执法权限扩张背离执法目的;必要性不足——执法手段不合理激化矛盾;法益失衡——技术滥用侵害了公民合法权益。为确保技术赋能与公民权益之间的和谐共存,亟需在大数据警务实践中深入应用比例原则,如将公众权益保障作为首要价值;完善警务数据收集与评估研判机制;强化执法手段的内外监督;提升综合执法效能;提高数据警察法治素养与处置能力。The principle of proportionality helps to find an effective balance between police power operation and citizen rights protection,and is an indispensable and important principle in big data policing.From the perspective of administrative process theory,there are some controversial points in the application of big data policing based on the principle of proportionality:lack of appropriateness-the expansion of law enforcement authority deviates from the purpose of law enforcement;insufficient necessity-unreasonable enforcement methods exacerbate conflicts;imbalance of legal interests-technological abuse infringes upon the legitimate rights and interests of citizens.To ensure the harmonious coexistence between technological empowerment and citizen rights,it is urgent to deeply apply the principle of proportionality in big data policing practice,such as prioritizing public rights protection;improve the mechanism for collecting and evaluating police data;strengthen internal and external supervision of law enforcement measures;improve the legal literacy and disposal ability of data police.

关 键 词：大数据警务 比例原则 警务数据 行政法规制 

分 类 号：D631[政治法律—政治学]