交流电压下伞型结构对染污绝缘子电弧路径及绝缘性能的影响  

Influence of Umbrella Structure on the Arc Path and Insulating Properties of Contaminated Insulators under AC Voltage

作　　者：宋治波 杨昊 申巍 肖康泰 薛建鹏 Song Zhibo;Yang Hao;Shen Wei;Xiao Kangtai;Xue Jianpeng(School of Electronics and information Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710048,China;Electric Power Research Insitute State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Co.Ltd,Xi’an 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学电子信息学院,西安710048 [2]国网陕西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,西安710100

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第13期4116-4126,共11页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52007138);国网陕西省电力有限公司科技项目(5226KY22001G)资助。

摘　　要：绝缘子是电力系统主要绝缘设备之一,其绝缘性能影响着电网的安全稳定运行。增大爬电距离是提高绝缘子闪络电压的有效手段。然而在有限空间内增大爬电距离会使绝缘子结构复杂化,局部电弧在复杂的伞裙和伞棱间跳跃发展,会导致闪络电压不增反降。为探究绝缘子结构对电弧路径及闪络电压的影响规律,该文设计玻璃绝缘子试验模型并搭建电弧路径拍摄试验平台,研究绝缘子伞间空间深度和最大伞棱长度对绝缘子绝缘性能的影响。结果表明,绝缘子伞间电弧路径形式主要为沿面电弧和跃进电弧,受到结构参数的影响而呈现一定的概率分布;伞间空间深度系数(伞间距/伞伸出)建议值为0.8~1.2,过小则电弧跃进发展概率更高,过大则会导致空间利用率不足,均不利于提高绝缘子闪络电压;伞间最大伞棱长度系数(最大伞棱长度/伞间距)参考值为0.4~0.5,过大时对爬电距离的利用程度较低,造成闪络电压下降;此外,最大伞棱结构设置在伞裙边缘时相比于设置在伞裙内部的闪络电压更低。Insulators play a crucial role in power systems as they provide support and insulation for power lines.While insulators are generally resistant to internal breakdown,they are more susceptible to flashovers on their external surfaces.In areas with heavy pollution,the presence of a water film on the insulator’s surface increases the likelihood of pollution flashover.Increasing the creepage distance is the most effective method for enhancing the flashover voltage of insulators.However,increasing the creepage distance within a limited space can complicate the insulator’s structure.Some insulators feature more umbrella ribs internally,which creates a complex and narrow space that facilitates arc propagation through jumping.Interestingly,larger creepage distances can lead to a decrease in the insulator’s flashover voltage.To investigate this phenomenon,the paper focuses on analyzing the path of arc propagation,statistical probability distribution,and the relationship between arc length and flashover voltage.Firstly,a glass insulator test model was designed to replicate the actual insulator structure.The test model took into consideration three key structural parameters of the insulator:umbrella extension,umbrella spacing,and maximum umbrella rib length.Glass panels were used as a substitute for the real insulator’s umbrella skirts and ribs.By adjusting the length and width of the glass panels,it was possible to create test models that mimicked different insulator structures accurately.Secondly,a test platform for arc path shooting was constructed.The arc path shooting platform comprised a pressurized platform designed to meet the International Electrotechnical Commission(IEC)flashover test standard and a high-speed camera.The insulator test model was subjected to multiple flashover tests,which involved smearing and voltage application following the procedures outlined in the IEC standards.Finally,the high-speed camera was carefully positioned to align with the vertical plane between the insulator umbrellas.This

关 键 词：交流电压 绝缘子 污秽闪络 局部电弧 闪络电压 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]