拉萨河抗生素耐药基因污染情况研究  

Profiles of antibiotic resistance genes in the Lhasa River

作　　者：吕雅瑶 陈梦秋 李海北 李淑娟[1] 刘淑杰 张弋[1] LYU Yayao;CHEN Mengqiu;LI Haibei;LI Shujuan;LIU Shujie;ZHANG Yi(Department of Pharmacy,Tianjin First Central Hospital,Tianjin 300192,China;Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市第一中心医院药学部,天津300192 [2]天津科技大学,天津300222

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2024年第4期1-5,共5页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82103798);糖尿病防治及管理研究项目专项课题(MBZX0022023-004)。

摘　　要：目的 掌握拉萨河中抗生素耐药基因(antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)的污染情况,为区域人群饮水安全和水环境污染的防治提供科学依据。方法 2022年7月在拉萨河流域内随机选取5个点进行河水采样,并利用荧光定量PCR技术检测和分析19种ARGs的污染情况,其中包括8种“最后防线”ARGs(last-resort ARGs,LARGs)。以SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学分析,两组间数据采用Student t检验比较分析。结果 19种ARGs都有较高程度的检出,其中氨基糖苷类耐药基因aadA浓度最高,磺胺类耐药基因sul1和大环内酯类耐药基因ermB次之。在8种LARGs中,碳青霉烯类耐药基因bla_(OXA-48)浓度最高。总体来看,LARGs的绝对浓度和相对浓度都低于“常规”ARGs,二者的绝对含量差异有统计学意义。结论 拉萨河水中“常规”ARGs和LARGs都有检出,虽然和国内其它水域相比仍处于较低水平,但鉴于ARGs尤其是LARGs可能造成的严重不良影响,拉萨河中ARGs的污染应引起重视。Objective To investigate the pollution of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) in the Lhasa River and provide a scientific basis for the safety of drinking water for the regional population and the prevention and control of water environment pollution.Methods A total of five water samples were collected in the Lhasa River in July 2022.Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR) assay,19 types of ARGs,including eight "last-resort" ARGs(LARGs) were detected and analyzed.Statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS 22.0 software,and Student′s t-test was used to compare data between two groups.Results All the 19 ARGs were detected with high frequencies,with the aminoglycoside resistance gene aadA having the highest concentration,followed by the sulfonamide resistance gene sul1 and the macrolide resistance gene ermB.Among the eight LARGs,the carbapenem resistance gene bla_(OXA-48) had the highest concentration.The absolute and relative concentrations of LARGs were lower than those of common ARGs.There was a statistically significant difference in the absolute concentrations between them,but no significant difference was observed in the relative concentrations.Conclusion Both "conventional" ARGs and LAGRs have been detected in the Lhasa River.Although they are at a relatively low level compared to other domestic waters,in view of the serious adverse effects that ARGs,especially LARGs,may cause,the pollution of ARGs in the Lhasa River should be taken seriously.

关 键 词：抗生素耐药基因 “最后防线”抗生素耐药基因 拉萨河 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]