基于陆海统筹的资源环境承载力评价方法探讨  

Discussion on Evaluation Method of Resources and Environmental Carrying Capacity Based on Sea-Land Coordination

作　　者：岳保静[1] 陈斌[1] 仇建东[1] 邹亮 徐刚[1] 胡睿 王蜜蕾 薛碧颖 张艺严 许帅 YUE Baojing;CHEN Bin;QIU Jiandong;ZOU Liang;XU Gang;HU Rui;WANG Milei;XUE Biying;ZHANG Yiyan;XU Shuai(Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology,China Geological Survey,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所,青岛266237

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2024年第3期45-51,共7页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：自然资源部中国地质调查局“我国重点海域自然资源综合调查与评价”项目(DD20230071);国家自然科学联合基金项目“山东海岸带地下卤水资源形成及演化机制”(U2106203)。

摘　　要：海洋、海岸带蕴含的资源丰富,与人类生存发展息息相关。近年来,随着海洋经济的迅速增长,自然岸线和滨海湿地面积减少、生物多样性降低、典型生态系统受损、近岸海域灾害频发、渔业资源减少等问题日益显现。如何从战略高度提升海洋经济,开发和保护并举,确保海岸带、海洋资源取用合理是新时代的重要课题。陆地和海洋是生态系统不可分割的组成部分,开展陆海统筹的资源环境承载力评价是衡量区域经济发展与生态环境是否协调可持续发展的有效途径。文章系统地梳理了承载力概念的发展历程,对比了常用的海洋资源环境承载力评价方法,初步构建了陆海统筹的资源环境承载力评价指标体系,并提出使用熵值法来确定指标权重,采用状态空间评价模型或TOPSIS模型进行承载力综合评价,可以体现陆地和海洋相互影响、相互制约的关系,并具有较强的可操作性,评价结果可以反映区域资源环境承载力的空间差异或随时间变化情况,能够为海洋和海岸带保护利用提供有效借鉴。The ocean and coastal zones are rich in resources and closely related to human survival and development.In recent years,with the rapid growth of the ocean economy,issues such as the reduction of natural coastlines and coastal wetlands,decreased biodiversity,damaged typical ecosystems,frequent coastal disasters,and declining fishery resources have become increasingly apparent.How to enhance the ocean economy from a strategic perspective,promote both development and protection,and ensure the rational use of coastal zones and marine resources is an important issue in the new era.Land and ocean are inseparable components of the ecosystem,and conducting a comprehensive assessment of the resource and environmental carrying capacity of land and sea is an effective way to measure whether regional economic development and ecological environment are coordinated and sustainable.This paper systematically reviews the development process of the carrying capacity concept,compares commonly used methods for evaluating the resource and environmental carrying capacity of marine resources,preliminarily constructs an index system for evaluating the carrying capacity of marine resources based on land-sea coordination,proposes the use of entropy method to determine index weights,and adopts a state space evaluation model or TOPSIS model for comprehensive carrying capacity evaluation.This approach can reflect the interdependence and mutual constraints between land and ocean,and has strong operability.The evaluation results can reflect the spatial differences or temporal changes in the carrying capacity of regional resources and environment,and provide effective reference for the protection and utilization of oceans and coastal zones.

关 键 词：陆海统筹 资源环境承载力 综合评价 指标体系 DPSIR-TOPSIS模型 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P964[天文地球—自然地理学] P74