混流式机组顶盖座环把合螺栓失效分析  

Fracture Analysis of Connecting Bolt of Top Cap and Seat Ring of Hydro Turbine

作　　者：李文波 胡钰婧 赵倬 黄蓉 莫剑 王辉斌 沈丁杰 赵强 张军 邹谨成 LI Wenbo;HU Yujing;ZHAO Zhuo;HUANG Rong;MO Jian;WANG Huibin;SHEN Dingjie;ZHAO Qiang;ZHANG Jun;ZOU Jincheng(State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company Limited Research Institute,Changsha 410000,China;State Grid Hunan ElectricPower Co.Ltd.,Hydroelectric Branch,Changsha 410000,China;Hunan Xiangdian Trial Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Changsha 410000,China;State Grid Hunan Electric Power CompanyLimited,Changsha 410000,China;State Grid Xinyuan Holdings Co.Ltd.,Pumped Storage Technology and Economic Research Institute,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]国网湖南省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,湖南省长沙市410000 [2]国网湖南省电力有限公司水电分公司,湖南省长沙市410000 [3]湖南省湘电试验研究院,湖南省长沙市410000 [4]国网湖南省电力有限公司,湖南省长沙市410000 [5]国网新源控股有限公司抽水蓄能技术经济研究院,北京市100000

出　　处：《水电与抽水蓄能》2024年第3期74-80,共7页Hydropower and Pumped Storage

基　　金：国网湖南省电力有限公司基金项目“水电厂水工建筑物水下巡检及缺陷检测关键技术及应用”(5216A5220020)。

摘　　要：混流式水轮发电机组顶盖座环把合螺栓是紧固座环和顶盖的重要部件。本文通过对顶盖座环把合螺栓的制造质量、安装质量进行检测与分析,阐明了某混流式水电厂水轮发电机组顶盖座环把合螺栓断裂故障的原因:①螺栓质量不合格,螺栓本体结构形式设计不合理,螺栓显微组织中存在网状铁素体,力学性能不合格;②螺栓安装预紧力不足,顶盖座环把合螺栓安装伸长值低于设计要求,导致螺栓在机组运行中可能松动;③机组振动超标严重,在螺栓服役过程外加载荷造成螺栓松动。The coupling bolt is an important part of connecting the main shaft and the main shaft and the rotating wheel.This article clarified the coupling bolt fracture failure reason of a certain hydro turbine through analyzing the manufacturing quality and installation quality of the coupling bolt.The fracture reasons of the coupling bolt could divided into two parts:①the bolt strength is unqualified.The quench depth is less than the radius of the bolt,lead to uneven microstructure and the formation of the ferrite network,furthermore,resulting in the unqualified strength of the bolt;②the pretension stress of the bolt is insufficient.The installation elongation value of the coupling bolt is lower than the design value,causing insufficient installation pretension stress of the coupling bolt;③The vibration of the unit exceeds the standard seriously,and the bolt looseness is caused by the external load during the service of the bolt.

关 键 词：顶盖螺栓 预紧力 振动 断裂 

分 类 号：TV743[水利工程—水利水电工程]