修正SWAT模型在喀斯特小流域的径流模拟研究——以羊鸡冲小流域为例  

Runoff simulation of modified SWAT model in karst watershed:A case study of Yangjichong sub-watershed

作　　者：杨丽[1,2] 杨广斌 李亦秋[1] 李蔓 YANG Li;YANG Guangbin;LI Yiqiu;LI Man(School of Geography and Environmental Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Application for Mountain Resources and Environment in Guizhou Province,Guiyang,Guangxi 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省山地资源与环境遥感应用重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2024年第2期291-301,共11页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：贵州省科技重大计划项目(黔科合重大专项[2022]001);贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑[2023]一般176);贵州省基础研究(自然科学)项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2024]一般445)。

摘　　要：在贵州喀斯特地区,地表径流通过土壤裂隙、岩溶管道等途径流失,限制了地表径流的形成。文章以龙里羊鸡冲小流域为研究区,基于2013-2019年的实测数据,修正SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)模型的裂隙流模块,修改了裂缝入渗的表示方法,对修正前后的日径流模拟进行对比分析。结果表明:率定期内纳什系数由0.32提升到0.60,决定系数由提高0.37提升到0.58。在验证期内,纳什系数由0.52提高到0.55,决定系数由0.56提高到0.60,修正后的模型与原模型相比具有更好的适用性。修正后模型的径流时间序列与实测数据更吻合,能合理估算研究区的入渗水量,为喀斯特小流域的水资源管理提供参考依据。In the karst area of Guizhou,many factors can limit the formation of surface runoff,such as developed karst structures,strong rainfall leakage,rapidly changing hydrological processes,low water storage capacities,and lost surface runoff through soil fissures,karst pipes and other pathways.Therefore,for the protection of the ecological environment and the control of soil erosion in this area,it is of great significance for us to investigate the variation of surface runoff in karst areas and the law of flow production.The model of Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)is a distributed hydrological model developed by the Agricultural Research Center,United States Department of Agriculture(USDA-ARS),and it is widely used in the simulation and prediction of watershed runoff,sediment,water quality and so on in different environments.However,due to the dissolution and erosion in karst areas,the development of water systems and hydrological dynamics show great differences from non-karst areas.In general,scholars'modification of the SWAT model mainly focuses on the modeling of karst features,but the SWAT model has seldom been used in the study of the effect of soil fissures on runoff under wet conditions.Guizhou is located in the subtropical monsoon climate zone,with concentrated precipitation,alternating wet and dry conditions.The soil in Guizhou is characterized by strong expansion and contraction.Consequently,the fissure flow is developed from soil fissures during rainfall.Even after rewetting,the soil fissures will not close,leading to significant water infiltration,which in turn will affect surface-produced flows.However,in the original SWAT model,volume of fissures(volcr)under wet conditions will close by default,and hence water cannot infiltrate.In order to make the conditions of SWAT model closer to the real situation in the karst watershed,the calculation of the fissure volume in the SWAT model was modified in this study to balance the wet and dry soil conditions to prevent fissure closure and to ensure that soil fi

关 键 词：SWAT模型修正 喀斯特小流域 土壤裂隙模块 径流模拟 

分 类 号：P333.1[天文地球—水文科学]