采矿爆破振动主频率在岩溶区衰减规律现场试验研究  

Field experiment on the attenuation rule of main frequency for mining blasting vibration in the karst area

作　　者：唐灵明 黄翔 李红明 李佳明 曹贤发 陈学军 卢丽霞 TANG Lingming;HUANG Xiang;LI Hongming;LI Jiaming;CAO Xianfa;CHEN Xuejun;LU Lixia(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;Guangxi Normal University,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;Guangxi Transportation Science and Technology Group Co.,LTD,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;Zhuhai Branch of Changsha Survey and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,China Nonferrous Metals,Zhuhai,Guangdong 519020,China)

机构地区：[1]广西岩土力学与工程重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]广西师范大学,广西桂林541004 [3]广西交科集团有限公司,广西南宁530007 [4]中国有色金属长沙勘察设计研究院有限公司珠海分公司,广东珠海519020

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2024年第2期454-462,共9页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41967037);广西岩溶动力学重点实验室开放课题基金(YR-JJHT-2016-466)。

摘　　要：为减小岩溶区采矿爆破施工中振动产生的地表塌陷灾害影响,文章根据岩溶区矿山爆破振动现场实测数据,采用傅里叶变换及回归分析方法,对比分析塌陷区与非塌陷区爆破振动主频率的衰减规律,以讨论岩土体性质、震中距及爆破药量对爆破振动主频率特性的影响。结果表明:岩土体性质对爆破振动主频率存在较大影响,表现为结构愈松散、孔隙度愈大、密实度愈小,其爆破振动主频率和振动能量衰减得愈快;同一次爆破中,在塌陷区外及塌陷回填区内,所获得的振动主频率随其震中距的增加而呈减小趋势,而在塌陷区内,并非严格衰减,出现波动现象,略有上升趋势;在塌陷区与非塌陷区,爆破振动主频率随着震中距和药量的增加而减小;在同一振动荷载作用下,爆破振动主频率在塌陷区的衰减速度明显大于非塌陷区,且爆破药量在塌陷区内对爆破振动主频率衰减速度的影响更大。The study area is located within the Gudan lead-zinc mining region of Rong'an county,Guangxi.This area falls under the subtropical monsoon climate zone,experiencing four distinct seasons with abundant rainfall.It is characterized by a karst landscape of peak-cluster valleys,with undulating topography and a relative elevation difference of about 300 m.The study area is located in the gently flexural fold structure of rock strata from Siding to Tunqiu in a nearly north-south direction.The secondary small-scale fold structures are developed in a normal way,but fault structures are well developed,consisting of two main groups in north–south and north–east directions.The overlying soil layer mainly consists of clay soil,while the underlying bedrock is made up of sandstone,quartz sandstone,dolomite and gray rock.Karst is well developed primarily in exposed form,followed by buried type.The distribution trend of karst is in accordance with the fault structure of the area.Karst development is subject to lithology,and slows down with the increase of depth.Many surface collapses have occurred on a large scale in the study area.Karst fissure water is the primary groundwater,mainly existing in the limestone of Donggangling Formation(D2d)of the Middle Devonian.Groundwater is recharged by atmospheric precipitation and replenished vertically through surface weathering fissures,karst caves,funnels and sinkholes.The karst fissures well developed at the shallow part serve as conduits for groundwater recharge and karst formation.This paper presents an analysis of the relationship between the main frequency for mining blasting vibration and various influencing factors in the karst area.The attenuation patterns of the main frequency of blasting vibration in collapse areas,backfilled areas,and non-collapse areas have been investigated,with the aim of providing suggestions for the prevention and control of surface subsidence in the karst mining area.The field data on blasting vibration were collected with the use of the engineering

关 键 词：岩溶区 爆破振动 主频率 传播速度 傅里叶变换 衰减规律 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]