农村集体经济组织代表集体行使所有权的困境破解  

Cracking the Dilemma of Rural Collective Economic OrganizationsExercising Ownership on Behalf of the Collective

作　　者：王康[1] Wang Kang(School of law,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450001)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学法学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2024年第4期1-13,共13页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

摘　　要：对“农村集体经济组织代表集体行使所有权”问题的研究,有必要从制度阐释、制度评价和制度完善三个层面依次进行。运用文义解释、体系解释和目的解释方法明确“农村集体经济组织代表集体行使所有权”的规范内涵,即区分农民集体和农村集体经济组织——前者作为所有权归属主体,后者作为所有权行使主体。在主体多元、关系复杂的制度设计下,农村集体经济组织存在权限不清、定位不明、能力不足的三重困境。以“代表说”为基础,塑造农村集体经济组织与农民集体的法律关系,发掘代表的制度价值并予以完善。在组织权限方面,应消除集体产权“折股量化”范围限制的影响,明确农村集体经济组织对集体资产的全权管理;在法律定位上,从成员构成方面确保农村集体经济组织代表集体的资质,避免农村集体经济组织异化为以股权投资为基础的一般农业经营主体;在组织能力上,着重提高农村集体经济组织运行效率,并从资产收益取得和分配规则上充实其收入能力。It is necessary to conduct research on the issue of rural collective economic organizations exercising ownership on behalf of the collective from three levels of system interpretation,system evaluation and system improvement.The normative connotation of “rural collective economic organisations exercising ownership rights on behalf of the collective”is clarified by using the methods of textual interpretation,system interpretation and purpose interpretation,that is,distinguishing between farmer collectives and rural collective economic organisations—the former as the subject of ownership,and the latter as the subject of ownership exercise.Under the system design of multiple subjects and complex relationships,rural collective economic organisations are faced with the triple dilemma of unclear authority,unclear positioning and insufficient capacity.On the basis of the “representative theory”,the legal relationship between rural collective economic organisations and farmer collectives should be reshaped,and improved by exploring the institutional value of representative theory.In terms of organisational competence,the impact of restrictions on the scope of equity conversion quantification of collective property rights should be eliminated,and the full management of collective assets by rural collective economic organizations should be clarified;In terms of legal positioning,the qualifications of rural collective economic organisations to represent the collective should be ensured in terms of their membership,so as to avoid the alienation of rural collective economic organisations into general agricultural management subjects based on equity investment;In terms of organisational capacity,emphasis should be placed on improving the operational efficiency of rural collective economic organisations,and their income capacity should be enriched through asset income acquisition and distribution rules.

关 键 词：农村集体经济组织 代表 农民集体 集体所有权 

分 类 号：D923.2[政治法律—民商法学]