1960-2022年秦岭山地极端气温时空变化研究  

A Study on Spatiotemporal Changes of Extreme Temperature in Qinling Mountains During 1960-2022

作　　者：张善红 李宏印 彭晓邦 ZHANG Shan-hong;LI Hong-yin;PENG Xiao-bang(School of Urban and Rural Planning and Architectural Engineering/Shangluo Carbon Neutralization Engineering Technology Research Center,Shangluo University,Shangluo726000,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]商洛学院城乡规划与建筑工程学院/商洛市碳中和工程技术研究中心,陕西商洛726000

出　　处：《商洛学院学报》2024年第4期1-10,共10页Journal of Shangluo University

基　　金：商洛市气候适应型城市重点实验室开放研究项目(SLSY2019019);陕西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202111396066)。

摘　　要：为了研究秦岭山地极端气温的变化,根据秦岭山地1960-2022年32个气象站点日最高气温、日最低气温和平均气温资料,采用RClimDex软件获取秦岭山地8个极端气温指数,利用趋势分析法、M-K检验、克里格插值和相关分析法,对秦岭山地极端气温的时空变化特点进行研究。结果表明,1960-2022年秦岭山地极端气温暖指数升高,冷指数降低,且暖指数的变化幅度大于冷指数,极端气温暖指数与冷指数之间表现为非对称性变化。秦岭山地的年极端最高气温呈极显著上升趋势,其变化率为0.20℃/10a,年极端最低气温呈不显著上升趋势,其变化率为0.17℃/10a。暖昼日数、暖夜日数、作物生长季长度分别以3.23d/10a、2.95d/10a和3.65d/10a的速率呈极显著上升趋势。冷昼日数、冷夜日数分别以1.94d/10a和2.32d/10a的速率呈极显著下降趋势。秦岭山地极端气温指数变化趋势突变时间主要集中在20世纪90年代。秦岭山地极端指数的变化趋势与海拔高度展现不同的相关性,在中、低海拔区域极端气温持续时间的变化最明显,极端气温频率变化和强度变化在高海拔地区最为明显。To study changes in extreme temperatures in the Qinling Mountains,based on the daily maximum temperature,daily minimum temperature,and the average temperature data from 32 meteorological stations in the Qinling Mountains from 1960 to 2022,8 extreme temperature indices were obtained using RClimDex software.Linear regression,M-K test,Kriging interpolation and correlation analysis were used to study the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of extreme temperature in the extreme Qinling Mountains.The results showed that:the extreme warm index of the polar atmosphere in the Qinling Mountains during 1960—2022 has increased,while the extreme cold index has decreased,and the change in the warm index was greater than that in the cold index.There was an asymmetric change between the extreme air warm index and the extreme temperature cold index.The annual extreme maximum temperature in the Qinling Mountains showed a significant upward trend,with a change rate of 0.2℃/10 a.The annual extreme minimum temperature showed an insignificant upward trend,with a change rate of 0.17℃/10 a.The number of warm day days,warm night days,and crop growth season length showed extremely significant upward trends at rates of 3.23 d/10 a,2.95 d/10 a,and 3.65 d/10 a,respectively.The number of cold day days and cold night days decreased significantly at rates of 1.94 d/10 a and 2.32 d/10 a,respectively.The sudden change in the trend of extreme temperature index in the Qinling Mountains over the past 63 years mainly occurred in the 1990s.The trend of extreme index changes in the Qinling Mountains showed different correlations with altitude.The duration of extreme temperature changes is most pronounced in middle and low altitude areas,while the frequency and intensity of extreme temperature changes were most pronounced in high altitude areas.

关 键 词：极端气温 时空变化 秦岭山地 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]