圣贤情结与英雄精神:论中国传统理想人格的两个向度  

Sage Complex and Heroic Spirit:Two Dimensions of Chinese Traditional Ideal Personality

作　　者：李小白[1] Li Xiaobai

机构地区：[1]河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心,开封475000

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（伦理学）》2023年第12期40-52,共13页ETHICS

基　　金：河南省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目“先秦两汉黄河流域圣贤英雄故事经典生成与文化传播研究”(2023-ZDJH-759),项目负责人:李小白;河南省哲学社会科学规划项目“两汉文图会通视域下的礼制重构与经典生成研究”(2022CWX039),项目负责人:李小白。

摘　　要：中华优秀传统文化是中华民族的根和魂,是中国传统理想人格的精神沃土。作为传统理想人格的象征,“圣贤”与“英雄”取中华优秀传统文化精髓,深蕴历史发展特色,不断书写着民族精神辉煌。原初“圣贤”为神权、王权混合产物,表达着上古文化建构时期的国家政治理想,其垂教后世,演变成为一种民族文化情结。“英雄”作为人格褒词,是汉代大一统文化建构形成之后的思想创新,表达了冲破门阀观念的时代愿望。圣贤借助法统力量,意重道德层面的感召;英雄具有民间特性,意在危难之时的匡救。圣贤文化与英雄文化通过不同视野,阐发各自对社会与人生的理想认知,形成了不同的话语体系,二者融通交互,促进文明理性升华。特别是圣贤文化本初意蕴的回归、英雄文化人民性的凸显,使得理想人格在继承传统的同时更加注重实践性,进而成为民族精神中引领人心、涵养气概、提升境界、激励奋进的力量。深入发掘圣贤情结与英雄精神的文化底蕴,分析传统理想人格内涵的创造性转化与创新性发展,有助于厘清中华优秀传统文化精神传承的历史脉络,也能为当下“见贤思齐、崇尚英雄、争做先锋”提供文化借鉴的依据和助推动力。The excellent traditional Chinese culture is the root and soul of the Chinese nation,as well as the spir-itual fertile soil of the traditional ideal personality.As symbols of traditional ideal personality,"sages"and"heroes",capture the essence of mainstream Chinese thought,deeply embody the characteristics of historical development,and continuously create the brilliance of national spirit.The original"sages"were a mixed product of divine and royal power,expressing the political ideals of the country during the construction of ancient culture,they were passed down to later generations and evolved into a national cultural complex.As a personal commendation,"hero"is an ideological inno-vation after the formation of the unified culture of the Han Dynasty,expressing the desire of the times to break through the concept of dominant family.Sages rely on thepower of legal system to emphasize moral inspiration;Heroes have folk characteristics and are intended for rescue in times of danger.Sage culture and hero culture expound their ideal cognition of society and life through different perspectives,forming different discourse systems.They are actively inte-grated,promoting the rational sublimation of civilization Especially with the return of the original meaning of the sage culture and the highlighting of the people-oriented spirit of hero culture,the ideal personality not only inherits tradi-tion but also pays more attention to practicality,becoming a force in the national spirit that guides people's hearts,cul-tivates spirit,elevates realm,and motivates progress.Deeply exploring the cultural heritage of the sages complex and heroic spirit,analyzing the creative transformation and innovative development of traditional ideal personality connota-tions,can help clarify the historical context of the inheritance of excellent traditional Chinese cultural spirit,and also provide the cultural reference and driving force for the current"emulating the wise,advocating heroes,and striving to be pioneers".

关 键 词：圣贤情结 英雄精神 人民英雄 理想人格 见贤思齐 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学] D648.4[政治法律—政治学]