2013—2023年南京市流感样病例及流感病毒病原学特征分析  

Etiological characteristics of influenza-like illness and influenza virus in Nanjing,2013-2023

作　　者：胡洋 田梦圆 周沁易 丁松宁[1] 吴小清[1] HU Yang;TIAN Mengyuan;ZHOU Qinyi;DING Songning;WU Xiaoqing(Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing 210003,China)

机构地区：[1]南京市疾病预防控制中心,江苏210003

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2024年第2期81-86,共6页Capital Journal of Public Health

基　　金：南京市卫生科技发展专项(编号:YKK22190);南京市医学重点专科;2023年中国疾控中心公共卫生领域卫生健康标准化前期研究项目(编号:BZ2023-Q012)。

摘　　要：目的 了解2013—2023年南京市流感样病例(influenza-like illness, ILI)的流行病学特征及病原学变化趋势,为流行性感冒(以下简称流感)防控提供科学依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2013—2023年南京市ILI监测数据、病原学监测、暴发疫情数据并进行统计分析。结果 2013—2023年南京市哨点医院共报告1 919 187例ILI,ILI百分比(ILI%)为5.85%,总体呈先上升后下降趋势。2018—2019年ILI%最高(11.00%),2016—2017年最低(2.62%)。ILI以0~<5岁年龄组为主,占66.21%。共检测ILI样本45 074份,流感病毒阳性率为11.68%(5 265份),其中甲型H3N2最多(2 206份,占41.90%),其次为乙型Victoria系(1 224份,占23.25%)、甲型H1N1(1 201份,占22.81%)和乙型Yamagata系(599份,占11.38%)。不同监测年度阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 282.83,P<0.001)。除2020—2021年没有流行高峰,其余9个年份均在冬春季出现了流行高峰,其中2014—2015、2015—2016、2017—2018、2021—2022和2022—2023年还出现了夏季流行高峰。2013—2023年南京市共报告ILI暴发疫情96起,主要发生在中小学校(含托幼机构),共94起(占97.92%)。结论 南京市流感流行以冬春季为主,不同监测年度各流感亚型交替流行。0~<15岁儿童是流感防控重点人群,学校是重点防控场所。应持续加强和规范流感监测工作,密切关注南京市流感活动水平和趋势,及时进行预警和预测,科学精准防控流感疫情。Objective To understand epidemiological and etiological trends of influenza-like illness(ILI)in Nanjing during 2013-2023,so as to provide scientific basis for influenza prevention and control.Methods The data of ILI surveillance,etiological surveillance,and outbreaks from 2013 to 2023 in Nanjing were collected through the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and statistically analyses were performed.Results During 2013-2023,1919187 ILI cases were reported by sentinel hospitals in Nanjing and the percentage of ILI(ILI%)was 5.85%.Overall trend of reported cases showed an initial increasing and then a decreasing.The proportion of ILI cases was highest in 2018-2019(11.00%)and lowest in 2016-2017(2.62%).ILI cases was dominant(66.21%)in age group of 0 to<5 years old.A total of 45074 ILI samples were tested and the positive rate of influenza virus was 11.68%(5265/45074).The number of,influenza A/H3N2 virus(2206,41.90%)was the highest,followed by influenza B/Victoria lineage virus(1224,23.25%),influenza A/H1N1 virus(1201,22.81%)and influenza B/Yamagata lineage virus(599,11.38%).The differences among positive rates in different surveillance years were statistically significant(χ2=1282.83,P<0.001).Epidemic peaks in winter and spring occurred in 9 surveillance years,except for 2020-2021 surveillance year.In the surveillance years of 2014-2015,2015-2016,2017-2018,2021-2022 and 2022-2023,the summer epidemic peaks also appeared.A total of 96 ILI outbreaks were reported in Nanjing from 2013 to 2023,most of them(94 outbreaks,97.92%)occurred in primary and secondary schools(including kindergartens).Conclusions The epidemics of influenza in Nanjing occurred mainly in winter and spring,and the influenza subtypes changed in different surveillance years.For the prevention and control of influenza,children in age group of 0 to<15 years old were the key population,and schools were the key sites.It is necessary to strengthen and standardize influenza surveillance continuously and pay close attention to activity l

关 键 词：流行性感冒 流感样病例 病原学监测 哨点监测 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]