岩溶地面塌陷成因及演化规律分析  

Analysis of the cause and evolutionary law of rock-soluble ground collapse

作　　者：陈孝轩 席丹妮 CHEN Xiaoxuan;XI Danni(China Architectural Materials Industry Geological Exploration Center Guangdong Corps,Guangzhou 541450,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国建筑材料工业地质勘查中心广东总队,广东广州541450

出　　处：《矿产勘查》2024年第S01期428-437,共10页Mineral Exploration

基　　金：南方石山地区矿山地质环境修复工程技术创新中心项目(CXZX120201002)资助。

摘　　要：为系统厘清岩溶地面塌陷成因及演化机制,笔者详细了解了岩溶地面塌陷的研究现状及发展趋势,总结了近年来国内外学者对岩溶地面塌陷成因及机制的研究成果,并对此进行了整理及分析。研究发现,岩溶地面塌陷有3个必要基础条件:(1)必须有发育的岩溶,地层存在可溶性岩石,特别是碳酸盐类岩石,在含有CO_(2)的流水溶蚀的影响下,加以沉积作用产生洞隙,形成发育的岩溶;(2)上覆较薄的松散岩土层,越薄的松散土层越容易发生塌陷,反之则越不易发生;(3)最重要的是地下水动力条件,在上述两个条件基础上,还需要有地下丰富的水流活动,对地层结构进行潜蚀及剥蚀。岩溶地面塌陷成因及演化机制因不同诱因、不同地质结构条件而有差别。该研究可为岩溶地区的工程建设和地质灾害防治提供理论依据和技术支撑。In order to systematically clarify the cause and evolution mechanism of the collapse of the rock-soluble ground,to review the literature,to understand the research status and development trends of the collapse of the rock-dissolved ground through detail;summarize the research results of the cause and mechanism of the rock-soluble ground collapse in recent years,and organize it.And analysis,studies have found that there are three necessary basic conditions for the collapse of the rock-soluble ground.First,there must be developing rocky soluble.There are soluble rocks,especially carbonate rocks.Under the influence of flowing water containing CO_(2),it is deposited to produce a hole to form a developed rock-soluble.The more prone to collapse of the loose soil layer,the less likely to occur;Third,the most important thing is the groundwater power conditions.On the basis of the above two conditions,the rich underground water flow activity is also required to etch and erosion of the stratigraphic structure.The cause and evolutionary mechanism of rock-soluble ground collapse are different due to different causes and different geological structure conditions.The study can provide theoretical basis and technical support for engineering construction and geological disaster prevention and control.

关 键 词：地质工程 岩溶地面塌陷 成因及演化机制 地下水动力条件 地质条件 

分 类 号：P64[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]