黄浦区五里桥社区0~3岁儿童家长疫苗犹豫及影响因素研究  

Research of parents’vaccination hesitation and the influencing factors among parents with children aged 0-3 years old in Wuliqiao Community,Huangpu District

作　　者：江秀玲 高翔 杨茹冰 庄华东 许振慧[4] JIANG Xiuling;GAO Xiang;YANG Rubing;ZHUANG Huadong;XU Zhenhui(Prevention and Health Care Department of Wuliqiao Community Health Service Center of Huangpu District,Shanghai 200023,China;School of Public Health,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200025,China;Wuliqiao Community Health Service Center of Huangpu District,Shanghai 200023,China;Immunization Planning Department of Huanpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200023,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市黄浦区五里桥街道社区卫生服务中心预防保健科,上海200023 [2]上海交通大学医学院公共卫生学院,上海200025 [3]上海市黄浦区五里桥街道社区卫生服务中心,上海200023 [4]上海市黄浦区疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,上海200023

出　　处：《上海医药》2024年第8期10-14,共5页Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(72004032);2021年度上海市黄浦区卫生健康系统科研项目(HLY202106)。

摘　　要：目的:了解上海市黄浦区五里桥社区家长对儿童非免疫规划疫苗的接种犹豫现状,并分析其影响因素。方法:于2022年6—10月采用整群抽样方法选取上海市黄浦区五里桥社区320名0~3岁儿童家长开展问卷调查,问卷内容包括儿童、儿童家长的一般资料,家长疫苗预防接种认知问卷和儿童疫苗接种家长态度问卷。结果:家长疫苗犹豫得分范围为0~76.67分,平均为(26.43±14.73)分,其中低犹豫、中度犹豫和重度犹豫的儿童家长分别为271名(92.5%)、20名(6.8%)和2名(0.7%)。逐步回归分析结果显示,子女数量、疫苗预防接种知识得分、对疫苗安全性信任程度是对儿童家长疫苗犹豫得分具有统计学意义的影响因素(P<0.05)。子女数量>1、疫苗预防接种知识得分>10分的家长疫苗犹豫程度低于只有1名子女、疫苗预防接种知识得分≤10分的家长,对非免疫规划疫苗不是非常信任的家长相较于对非免疫规划疫苗非常信任的家长表现出了更高的疫苗犹豫程度。结论:建议卫生行政部门和相关管理单位针对疫苗犹豫的影响因素开展有效宣传和引导,从而提升公众的健康和防病意识,降低疫苗犹豫。Objective:To explore the status quo of parents’hesitation on children’s non-immunization planning vaccination in Wuliqiao Community,Huangpu District,Shanghai,and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods:From June to October 2022,a cluster sampling method was used to select 320 parents of children aged 0-3 years old in Wuliqiao Community of Huangpu District,Shanghai to conduct a questionnaire survey,the questionnaire content included general information about the children and their parents,a questionnaire on parental vaccination awareness,and a questionnaire on attitudes towards vaccination among parents.Results:The range of parental vaccine hesitation scores was 0-76.67,with an average of(26.43±14.73)points,among them,271 parents(92.5%)had low hesitation,20 parents(6.8%)had moderate hesitation,and 2 parents(0.7%)had severe hesitation.The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that the number of children,the score of vaccination prevention knowledge,and the level of trust in vaccine safety were statistically significant influencing factors on the vaccine hesitation score in parents of children(P<0.05).Parents with more than 1 child and a score of>10 on vaccination prevention knowledge had lower levels of vaccine hesitation compared to parents with only 1 child and a score of≤10 on vaccination prevention knowledge,parents who did not trust non immunization planning vaccines showed higher levels of vaccine hesitation compared to parents who trusted non immunization planning vaccines very much.Conclusion:It is recommended that health administrative departments and relevant management units carry out effective publicity and guidance on the influencing factors of vaccine hesitation,so as to enhance public health and disease prevention awareness,and reduce vaccine hesitation.

关 键 词：非免疫规划疫苗 儿童家长 疫苗犹豫 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]