绝经后患者发生子宫内膜息肉的危险因素分析  

Analysis on the risk factors for the occurrence of endometrial polyps in postmenopausal patients

作　　者：李红侠 贾彩丽 庞朝梓 刘崇东[2] LI Hongxia;JIA Caili;PANG Zhaozi;LIU Chongdong(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Civil Aviation General Hospital,Beijing 100123,China;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Beijing Chao-yang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]民航总医院妇产科,北京100123 [2]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院妇产科,北京100020

出　　处：《中国临床新医学》2024年第6期612-616,共5页CHINESE JOURNAL OF NEW CLINICAL MEDICINE

基　　金：民航总医院科研基金资助项目(编号:202213)。

摘　　要：目的分析绝经后患者发生子宫内膜息肉的危险因素。方法回顾性分析民航总医院妇产科2022年1月1日至2023年12月31日收治的310例绝经后子宫内膜增厚(内膜厚度≥4 mm)患者的临床资料,均行超声检查后实施宫腔镜手术。根据术后病理结果分为子宫内膜息肉组134例,非子宫内膜息肉组176例。比较两组患者临床资料,应用多因素logistic回归分析绝经后患者子宫内膜息肉发生的危险因素。结果两组年龄、孕次、产次、剖宫产次数、子宫内膜厚度以及合并糖尿病、肥胖的人数比例比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组合并高血压、阴道出血、子宫内膜炎的人数比例以及绝经时间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic分析结果显示,子宫内膜炎、阴道出血以及较长的绝经时间是绝经后患者发生子宫内膜息肉的危险因素。子宫内膜息肉发生恶变者3例,年龄均>60岁,绝经时间均>5年。结论合并子宫内膜炎、阴道出血及较长绝经时间的绝经后患者发生子宫内膜息肉的风险较高。Objective To analyze the risk factors for the occurrence of endometrial polyps in postmenopausal patients.Methods The clinical data of 310 postmenopausal patients with endometrial thickening(endometrial thickness≥4 mm)who were admitted to Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Civil Aviation General Hospital from January 1,2022 to December 31,2023 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients underwent hysteroscopic surgery after undergoing ultrasound examination.According to the postoperative pathological results,the patients were divided into endometrial polyp group(134 cases)and non-endometrial polyp group(176 cases).The patients'clinical data were compared between the two groups.Multivariate logistic regression was applied to analyze the risk factors for the occurrence of endometrial polyps in the postmenopausal patients.Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in age,gravidity,parity,number of cesarean section,endometrial thickness and the proportion of the patients complicated with diabetes and obesity(P>0.05).There were significant differences between the two groups in the proportion of the patients complicated with hypertension,vaginal bleeding and endometritis as well as menopausal period.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that endometritis,vaginal bleeding and longer menopausal period were the risk factors for the occurrence of endometrial polyps in the postmenopausal patients.Three endometrial poly patients experienced malignant transformation,all of whom were over 60 years old and had a menopausal period for more than 5 years.Conclusion The postmenopausal patients complicated with endometritis and vaginal bleeding and having longer menopausal period are at higher risk of developing endometrial polyps.

关 键 词：绝经期 子宫内膜息肉 宫腔镜 

分 类 号：R711[医药卫生—妇产科学]