一种基于气泡群的低频主动声呐目标模拟器设计  

Design of a low-frequency active sonar target simulator based on bubble clouds

作　　者：许蓬勃 赵云[2] 汤晓安 孙海洋 蔡清裕 XU Pengbo;ZHAO Yun;TANG Xiaoan;SUN Haiyang;CAI Qingyu(College of Information Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,Henan,China;Academy of Ocean Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410000,Hunan,China;Hunan SANY Polytechnic College,Changsha 410000,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学信息工程学院,河南洛阳471000 [2]国防科技大学气象海洋学院,湖南长沙410000 [3]湖南三一工业职业技术学院,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《声学技术》2024年第3期310-317,共8页Technical Acoustics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(1190440)。

摘　　要：为了在水声测试过程中提供尺寸小、成本低、应用灵活、低频和高目标强度的目标模拟器,文中根据水中气泡群具有强散射这一特性,提出了一种面向主动声呐试验的气泡群模拟器设计方法。基于等效介质理论(Effective Medium Theory,EMT)建立了气泡群声散射模型。首先将气泡群划分成立方体网格,然后应用图像处理方法获取立方体网格内气泡群的尺寸分布函数,接着使用EMT计算了每个立方体网格中的声反射系数和声波入射到立方体网格中产生的衰减,最后利用声波叠加原理计算了模拟器的反向散射目标强度。不同参数下的数值分析结果表明,气泡群尺寸分布函数呈伽马分布时,目标强度较高;目标强度随着尺寸分布区间减小和孔隙率增大而变大;共振频率随孔隙率增大而降低。结合气泡群孔隙率分布模型,文中给出了一组在低频时具有较高目标强度的小尺寸模拟器设计参数,可供相关设计者参考。In order to provide a small size,low cost,flexible application,low frequency and high target-strength target simulator in hydro-acoustic testing,a bubble clouds simulator design method for active sonar experiments is described in this paper based on the strong scattering characteristics of the bubble clouds in water.An acoustic scattering model of the bubble clouds is developed based on the effective medium theory(EMT).Firstly,the bubble clouds are divided into cubic grids,and then the image processing method is used to obtain the size distribution function of the bubble clouds within the cubic grids and followed by using EMT to calculate the acoustic reflection coefficient in each cubic grid and the attenuation coefficient of the acoustic wave incident into the cubic grid.Finally,according to the acoustic superposition principle the backward scattering target strength of the simulator is calculated.The numerical analysis under different parameters shows that the target strength is higher when the bubble clouds size distribution function shows a gamma distribution;the target strength increases with decreasing the size distribution interval and increasing the porosity;the resonant frequency decreases with increasing the porosity.Combined with the bubble clouds porosity distribution model,a set of small size simulator design parameters with high target strength at low frequency is provided for reference of relevant designers.

关 键 词：气泡群 目标模拟器 尺寸分布 孔隙率 目标强度 共振频率 

分 类 号：TB564[交通运输工程—水声工程]