起重船用高强钢大厚板焊接残余应力的试验研究  

Experimental Study on Welding Residual Stress of High Strength Steel Plate for Crane Ship

作　　者：王信[1] 刘勇[1] 王斌 WANG Xin;LIU Yong;WANG Bin(Yibin Vocational and Technical College,Yibin 644003;Hudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding(Group)Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 200129)

机构地区：[1]宜宾职业技术学院,宜宾644003 [2]沪东中华造船集团有限公司,上海200129

出　　处：《宇航材料工艺》2024年第3期98-102,共5页Aerospace Materials & Technology

基　　金：四川省教育厅科研项目(17ZB0501);上海市科委科研计划项目资助(15dz1101011);四川省教育厅科研项目“E型环疲劳试验装置的设计与开发”(18ZB0663);ybzy21cxtd-01智能采摘机器人科技创新团队。

摘　　要：以某型起重船结构为研究对象,采用焊接后热作为焊接残余应力消除措施,研究结构的残余应力情况及消除措施的有效性。首先采用焊态和经过焊接后热的两组试板进行焊接残余应力检测并对比,结果表明焊态的试板焊接纵向残余应力最高达552.5 MPa,接近材料的屈服强度;经后热的试板纵向残余应力最大为385.3MPa,与焊态相比降低了167.2 MPa,下降约30%;同时获取了残余应力分布情况。进一步对起重船导向基座结构的焊缝进行后热并进行应力检测,其纵向焊接残余应力最大值为310.8 MPa,远低于母材屈服强度。本文研究表明:起重船高强钢大厚板在焊态时焊接残余应力较大,需采取措施消除残余应力;采用焊接后热可以大幅降低高强钢大厚板的焊接残余应力水平,焊接后热具有较好的经济性和操作便捷性,在起重船建造过程中建议考虑对大厚板焊缝进行后热以消除焊接残余应力消除。This research focuses on the structure of a certain type of crane ship.It adopts post-weld heat treatment as a measure to eliminate welding residual stress and studies the residual stress status of the structure as well as the effectiveness of the elimination measures.Firstly,two groups of test plates in welding state and after postweld heat treatment were used to detect and compare the welding residual stress.The results showed that the maximum longitudinal residual stress of the test plate in welding state reached 552.5 MPa,close to the yield strength of the material.The maximum longitudinal residual stress of the test plate after post-weld heat treatment was 385.3 MPa,reduced by 167.2 MPa compared with the welding state,a decrease of about 30%.At the same time,the distribution of residual stress was obtained.Furthermore,post-weld heat treatment was applied to the weld seams of the crane ship's guide base structure,and stress detection was conducted.The maximum longitudinal welding residual stress was 310.8 MPa,far below the yield strength of the base material.The research indicates that the welding residual stress of the heavy-gauge steel plates in the crane ship is relatively high in the welding state,and measures need to be taken to eliminate the residual stress.Post-weld heat treatment can significantly reduce the level of welding residual stress in heavy-gauge steel plates,which is both economical and easy to operate.Therefore,post-weld heat treatment isrecommended for weld seams of heavy-gauge steel plates during the construction of crane ships to eliminate welding residual stress.

关 键 词：起重船 高强钢 焊接残余应力 后热 

分 类 号：TG404[金属学及工艺—焊接]