不同基因型大豆田间抗旱性综合评价及抗旱品种筛选  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Field Drought Resistance and Selection of Drought-Resistant Varieties of Different Genotypes of Soybean

作　　者：周学超 胡海波 李峰 刘迎春 魏云山 赵玉山 王晓磊 康泽然 丁素荣 ZHOU Xuechao;HU Haibo;LI Feng;LIU Yingchun;WEI Yunshan;ZHAO Yushan;WANG Xiaolei;KANG Zeran;DING Surong(Chifeng Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Scientific Research Institute/Chifeng Comprehensive Experimental Station,Nation Soybean Industrial Technology System,Chifeng 024031,China;Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]赤峰市农牧科学研究所/国家大豆产业技术体系赤峰综合试验站,内蒙古赤峰024031 [2]农业农村部大豆栽培重点实验室/黑龙江省大豆栽培重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2024年第4期16-24,共9页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-04-CES09);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0374,2021GG0144)。

摘　　要：为筛选适宜内蒙古中东部雨养农业区种植的抗旱大豆品种,综合评价不同大豆品种在内蒙古地区的抗旱表现,为内蒙古中东部雨养农业地区大豆抗旱品种选择和选育提供科学依据,选取东北区域不同地区育成的不同生育期组的代表性品种(系)34份,在大田生产条件下,设置正常浇水、自然干旱2个处理,分别调查不同处理下植株农艺性状、产量及相关指标等,计算得到各指标的抗旱系数,作为衡量品种抗旱能力的指标;利用主成分分析方法将各单项抗旱系数统计成相互独立的指标,最后利用隶属函数法求出综合指标的隶属值,进而评价参试大豆品种(系)的抗旱性。结果表明,不同农艺性状抗旱系数的变异系数均在15%以上,其中,分枝数变异系数最高,为61%。主成分分析表明,4个主成分累计贡献率为81.28%,可解释81.28%的方差,其代表了13个性状81%的遗传信息。通过隶属函数法,筛选出5个适合内蒙古中东部雨养农业区的大豆品种,即吉育406、登科1号、丰豆2号、2001-336-7和赤豆1号。In order to screen drought-resistant soybean varieties suitable for planting in rain-fed agricultural areas of central and eastern Inner Mongolia and comprehensively evaluate the drought resistance performance of different soybean varieties in Inner Mongolia,and provide scientific basis for the selection and breeding for drought resistant soybean varieties in the rain fed agricultural areas of central and eastern Inner Mongolia,in this experiment,34 representative varieties(lines) from various growth period groups in different regions of Northeast China were selected.Under field production conditions,two treatments of normal watering and natural drought were set.The agronomic traits,yield,and related indexes of soybean plants were investigated under differnt treatments,and the drought resistance coefficient of each index was calculated as an indicator to assess the drought resistance ability of the varieties.The principal component analysis method was employed to combine individual drought resistance coefficients into independent comprehensive indexes.Subsequently,the membership value of the comprehensive index was determined using the membership function to evaluate the drought resistance of the tested soybean varieties(lines).The results indicated that the coefficient of variation for the drought resistance coefficient of different agronomic traits exceeded 15%,with branch number exhibiting the highest coefficient of variation at 61%.The principal component analysis revealed that the cumulative contribution rate of the four principal components was 81.281%,explaining 81.281% of the variance and essentially representing 81% of the genetic information of the 13 traits.Through the application of the membership function method,five soybean varieties-Jiyu 406,Dengke 1,Fengdou 2,2001-336-7,and Chidou 1-suitable for rain-fed agricultural areas in central and eastern Inner Mongolia were selected.

关 键 词：大豆 抗旱性 主成分分析 隶属函数法 品种筛选 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]