食葵种质资源遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Edible Sunflower Germplasm Resources

作　　者：胡杨 白苇 张宝英 杨素梅 曲志华 李峰 HU Yang;BAI Wei;ZHANG Baoying;YANG Sumei;QU Zhihua;LI Feng(Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]张家口市农业科学院,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2024年第4期25-33,共9页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-14-2-02)。

摘　　要：为了全方位了解食葵种质资源的背景和遗传多样性,以收集到的95份食葵种质资源为材料,对其10个主要农艺性状进行遗传多样性分析、相关性分析、通径分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。结果显示,95份食葵材料的主要农艺性状的遗传多样性指数在1.56~2.06,其中百粒质量多样性指数最高,生育期多样性指数最低;变异系数为5.2%~34.3%,其中,单盘粒质量变异系数最高,生育期变异系数最低。相关性分析发现,有42对性状呈极显著正相关,1对性状呈显著正相关,各性状与产量相关性大小依次为单盘粒质量>株高>盘径>茎粗>百粒质量>叶片数>生育期>粒长>粒宽。通径分析发现,各性状对产量的直接作用效果由强到弱依次为单盘粒质量>粒宽>株高>生育期>盘径>茎粗>叶片数>粒长>百粒质量。主成分分析获得3个主要因子,即株型因子、物候因子和产量因子,累计贡献率达81.083%。聚类分析结果显示,在遗传距离为5处,可将这95份种质资源分为5个类群,其中,第Ⅰ类群中的种质资源植株高大,籽粒饱满,产量高;第Ⅱ类群中的种质资源粒宽较宽,百粒质量较高;第Ⅲ类群中的种质资源株高较低,盘径较小,籽粒细长;第Ⅳ类群中的种质资源百粒质量较高,茎秆较细;第Ⅴ类群中的种质资源植株矮小,生育期短,百粒质量和产量较低。综合比较分析得出,第Ⅰ类群中的种质资源综合表现最佳,综合利用价值最高。In order to fully understand the background and genetic diversity of edible sunflower germplasm resources,in this study,10 major agronomic traits of 95 edible sunflower germplasm resources collected were analyzed for genetic diversity,correlation analysis,path analysis,principal component analysis,and clustering analysis.The result showed that the genetic diversity indexes of the 10 main agronomic traits of the 95 materials were between 1.56 and 2.06,the diversity index of 100 grain weight was the highest and diversity index of growth period was the lowest.The coefficient of variation was between 5.2% and 34.3%,with the highest coefficient of variation for single disc grain quality and the lowest coefficient of variation for growth period.Correlation analysis found that 42 pairs of traits were extremely significantly positively correlated,and 1 pair of traits was significantly positively correlated,the correlation between each trait and yield was as follows:single disc grain weight > plant height > disc diameter > stem diameter > 100 grain weight > leaf number > growth period > grain length > grain width.Path analysis showed that the direct effect of each trait on yield was as follows:single disc grain weight > grain width > plant height > growth period > disc diameter > stem diameter > leaf number > grain length > 100 grain weight.3 main factors,namely plant type factor,phenological factor,and yield factor,were obtained by principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate was 81.083%.The results of cluster analysis showed that 95 germplasm resources could be divided into 5 groups at the site where genetic distance was 5.The germplasm resources in Group Ⅰ were characterized by tall plant,full grains,and high yield.The germplasm resources in Group II had wider grain width and higher 100 grain weight.The germplasm resources in Group Ⅲ had lower plant height,smaller disc diameter and slender grains.The germplasm resources in Group Ⅳhad higher 100 grain weight and thinner stalk.The germplasm res

关 键 词：食葵 种质资源 通径分析 主成分分析 聚类分析 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S565.5[农业科学—作物学]