社会一般道德的法源地位及其功能  

The Status of the Source of Law of Social General Morality and Its Function

作　　者：孙海波 Sun Haibo

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学比较法学研究院

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（法理学、法史学）》2023年第6期20-33,共14页JURISPRUDENCE AND HISTORY OF LAW

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“共建共治共享社会治理法治化的程序保障机制研究”(20AFX003)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在正式法源与非正式法源传统二分的法治话语下,一些重要的社会道德被学者当成正式法源,理由是其已融入法律体系且作用方式类似于法律原则。此类道德原则对司法而言固然重要,但这种做法混淆了法律原则与道德原则、模糊裁判根据与裁判理由的界限、侵损依法裁判的司法立场,正式法源论的立场难以站得住脚。鉴于传统法源二分法存在的弊病,效力法源和认知法源的新分类在一定程度上能澄清混乱和划定法源边界。与法体系有直接或间接关系的社会道德归属于认知法源,它们主要扮演裁判理由的角色,在一定条件下也可转化为效力法源或与效力法源一起发挥作用。在正式法源阙如时,可优先考虑转化作为认知法源的社会道德,紧接其后再考虑将其他与司法和法体系关联紧密的道德转化为法源论据。社会一般道德虽不必然具有效力法源身份,但不妨碍通过司法转介技术重新发掘其法源性功能。Under the discourse of the rule of law that the formal and informal sources of law are traditionally di-vided,scholars regard the social morality as formal sources of law,because they have been integrated into the legal system and function in a similar way to legal principles.Such moral principles are important to the judicia adjudica-tion,but they confuse legal principles and moral principles,blur the boundaries between the basis of judgment and the reasons for judgment,and violate the judicial position of judgment according to law.Therefore,the position of the formal source of law theory is untenable.In view of the shortcomings of the traditional dichotomy of sources of law,the new classification of sources of validity and sources of cognition clarifies the confusion and delimits the boundaries of sources of law to a certain extent.The social morality that is directly or indirectly related to the legal system belongs to the cognitive sources of law.They mainly play the role of judgment reasons,and can also be transformed into sources of validity or play a role together with sources of validity under certain conditions.In the absence of formal sources of law,priority can be given to transforming social morality as a cognitive source of law,and then other morality closely related to the judicial and legal systems can be transformed into arguments for sources of law.In a word,although gen-eral social morality does not necessarily have the status of sources of validity,it does not prevent the rediscovery of its function of source of law through judicial referral technology.

关 键 词：社会道德 正式法源 效力法源 认知法源 裁判根据 

分 类 号：D90-052[政治法律—法学理论]