薄壳山核桃实生单株坚果品质性状评价  

Evaluation of nut quality traits of different Carya illinoinensis seedling germplasm resources

作　　者：邵慰忠[2] 张成才 任华东[1] 常君[1] 姚小华[1] 王开良[1] 张爱君 SHAO Weizhong;ZHANG Chengcai;REN Huadong;CHANG Jun;YAO Xiaohua;WANG Kailiang;ZHANG Aijun(Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China;Jiande Forestry Bureau,Jiande 311600,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400 [2]浙江省建德市林业局,浙江建德311600

出　　处：《福建林业》2024年第3期33-36,共4页Fujian Forestry

基　　金：浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02066-12)。

摘　　要：对薄壳山核桃36个单株和10个品种的坚果及品质性状指标进行了测定与评价。结果表明:实生单株在坚果形态和品质性状方面均表现出显著的差异,实生单株坚果的形态表现均低于品种,但筛选出单果重1.8 g、仁重0.70 g和出仁率30.03%的极端种质,分别仅为品种中最低值的35.29%、31.53%和73.28%。在品质性状方面,筛选出亚油酸(37.80%)、缩合单宁(27.99 mg·g^(-1))、黄酮(56.1 g·kg-1)和鞣花酸(8111.11μg·g^(-1))含量较高的种质,分别达到最高含量品种的1.70、1.80、1.94和3.63倍。相关性分析显示,油酸与亚油酸和亚麻酸呈极显著负相关,单果重与仁重、果径、果高呈极显著正相关。主成分分析表明,10个品种与36个单株明显分为两类,其中仁重、果径、单果重、出仁率、果高和缩合单宁含量是区分这两类样本的关键指标。The nut and quality traits of 36 pecan seedlings and 10 cultivars were measured and evaluated.The results indicated that the seedlings exhibited significant differences in nut morphology and quality traits compared to the cultivars.In terms of nut morphology,the seedlings were generally inferior to the cultivars,but extreme germplasm was identified with asingle nut weight of 1.8 g,a kernel weight of 0.70 g,and a kernel yield of 30.03%,which were 35.29%,31.53%,and 73.28%of the lowest values found in the cultivars,respectively.Regarding quality traits,germplasm with high contents of linoleic acid(37.80%),condensed tannins(27.99 mg·g^(-1)),flavonoids(56.1 g·kg-1),and ellagic acid(8111.11μg·g^(-1))was identified,reaching 1.70,1.80,1.94,and 3.63 times the highest contents found in the cultivars,respectively.Correlation analysis revealed that oleic acid was significantly negatively correlated with linoleic and linolenic acids,while single nut weight was significantly positively correlated with kernel weight,nut diameter,and nut height.Principal component analysis showed that the 10 cultivars and 36 seedlings were clearly divided into two groups,with kernel weight,nut diameter,single nut weight,kernel yield,nut height,and condensed tannin content being the key indicators distinguishing the two groups.

关 键 词：薄壳山核桃 坚果 实生单株 品质性状 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学]