电石渣和煤矸石对型煤固硫性能的影响及作用机制研究  

Study on effects and mechanism of calcium carbide slag and coal gangue on sulfur fixation performance of briquette

作　　者：王中慧[1] 赵雪卿 霍晓东 高翠英[1] 刘哲语[2] 房倚天[2] WANG Zhonghui;ZHAO Xueqing;HUO Xiaodong;GAO Cuiying;LIU Zheyu;FANG Yitian(Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Lüliang University,033001 Lüliang,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion,Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,030001 Taiyuan,China)

机构地区：[1]吕梁学院化工与材料工程系,山西吕梁033001 [2]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所煤炭高效低碳利用全国重点实验室,太原030001

出　　处：《煤炭转化》2024年第4期104-113,共10页Coal Conversion

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB4101604);吕梁市重点研发计划项目(2021GXYF-2-63,2021GXYF-1-22)。

摘　　要：研制高效低成本的耐高温固硫剂和添加剂有助于解决型煤高温燃烧环境下钙基固硫产物的分解问题。电石渣和煤矸石属于典型的工业固体废弃物,利用固废作为添加剂制备固硫型煤有助于降低固硫型煤成本和挖掘固废资源价值,发挥这两种固废中矿物组分协同作用可改善高温条件下型煤固硫效果。开展了电石渣和煤矸石分别作为固硫剂和添加剂制备环保型煤的研究,考察了固硫剂种类(碳酸钙、氧化钙、氢氧化钙和电石渣)、钙硫物质的量比(1.5~4.0)、燃烧温度(900℃~1300℃)、煤矸石用量(2%~7%)对型煤固硫效果的影响。通过型煤燃烧评价实验发现,仅用电石渣作为固硫剂,在钙硫物质的量比为3.0时制得的型煤在燃烧温度低于1000℃时固硫率能达到80%以上,燃烧温度提高到1300℃时型煤固硫率下降40%,结合分析表征数据发现主要原因是固硫产物硫酸钙的高温分解。添加的煤矸石在高温条件下被电石渣组分活化后起到辅助固硫作用,当添加的煤矸石的质量分数达到5%时型煤的固硫率能维持在60%以上,在此基础上增加煤矸石用量并不能明显提升型煤固硫率。通过固硫产物热稳定性研究并结合分析表征数据发现,高铝煤矸石灰渣活性组分发生高温反应生成硫铝酸钙、钙黄长石、硅酸三钙等耐高温稳定物相,在一定程度上抑制了CaSO_(4)的分解,从而提高了型煤的高温固硫率。The development of high-temperature-resistant sulfur-fixing agents and additives that are both high efficiency and low cost is helpful for addressing the decomposition problem of calcium-based sulfur-fixing products in the high-temperature combustion environment of briquette.Calcium carbide slag and coal gangue are typical industrial solid wastes.Utilizing these materials as an additive to prepare sulfur-fixing briquettes from solid waste can reduce the costs of sulfur-fixing briquettes and enhance the value of solid waste resources.The synergistic effect of the mineral components in these wastes can improve the sulfur fixation efficiency of briquette at high temperatures.The preparation of environmental-friendly sulfur-fixing agents and additives of coal briquettes using calcium carbide slag and coal gangue was studied.The effects of various parameters on the sulfur fixation efficiency of coal briquettes were investigated,including the types of sulfur-fixing agents(calcium carbonate,calcium oxide,calcium hydroxide and calcium carbide slag),the molar ratio of calcium to sulfur(1.5-4.0),the combustion temperature(900 ℃-1 300 ℃),and the coal gangue dosage(2%-7%).The evaluation experiment of coal briquette combustion show that coal briquettes produced with a molar ratio of calcium to sulfur of 3.0,using only calcium carbide slag as the sulfur-fixing agent,achieve a sulfur fixation ratio over 80% when the combustion temperature is below 1 000 ℃.However,as the combustion temperature increases to 1 300 ℃,the sulfur fixation ratio of coal briquettes decreases by 40%.Analysis indicates that this decrease is mainly due to the high-temperature decomposition reaction of the sulfur-fixing product calcium sulfate.The added coal gangue,when activated by calcium carbide slag components at high temperatures,serves as an auxiliary sulfur-fixing agent.When the mass fraction of added coal gangue reaches 5%,the sulfur fixation ratio of the briquettes remains above 60%.Further increasing the amount of coal gangue does not sig

关 键 词：高硫煤 固硫 型煤 煤矸石 电石渣 

分 类 号：TQ536.9[化学工程—煤化学工程] X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]