剪顶对红松苗木非结构性碳水化合物和内源激素质量分数及不定芽发生的影响  

The Effects of Top Pruning on Non⁃structural Carbohydrates,Endogenous Hormone Content,and Adventitious Bud Formation in Pinus koraiensis Seedlings

作　　者：王静[1] 黄河 于雪 董博文 张鹏[1] Wang Jing;Huang He;Yu Xue;Dong Bowen;Zhang Peng(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2024年第8期23-29,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：黑龙江省重点研发计划项目(GA21B005)。

摘　　要：在位于黑龙江省尚志市的东北林业大学帽儿山实验林场老山人工林实验站,以6年生红松(Pinus koraiensis)裸根苗为试验材料,进行不同剪顶时间(高生长速生期、高生长结束后)、不同留干高度(低留干40 cm、高留干70 cm)的剪顶处理,以不剪顶为对照,试验设置5种处理(2剪顶时间×2留干高度+对照),每处理3次重复,每重复40株苗木;每种处理随机选取60株苗木,剪顶后每20 d调查不定芽数量和萌芽株数,测定不定芽长度和基径;选取不定芽发生效果最佳处理(高生长速生期低留干40 cm)的苗木、对照苗木,测定苗木针叶和茎干的可溶性糖质量分数、淀粉质量分数、细胞分裂素质量分数、生长素质量分数、赤霉素质量分数、脱落酸质量分数;以红松苗木不定芽萌发和生长、红松苗木针叶和茎干的非结构性碳水化合物及内源激素质量分数变化为评价指标,以剪顶时间、留干高度为影响因素,采用双因素方差分析法、邓肯(Duncan)多重比较法,从生理角度分析剪顶时间和留干高度及其交互作用对红松苗木不定芽生长指标的影响。结果表明:剪顶时间、留干高度对红松苗木不定芽生长指标的影响显著。高生长速生期剪顶更有利于不定芽发生,低留干苗木的不定芽数量更多,而高留干苗木的不定芽长度更长。剪顶后,红松苗木针叶和茎干非结构性碳水化合物质量分数变化均无显著规律。不定芽萌发前,苗木针叶和茎干内,细胞分裂素质量分数、生长素质量分数显著上升,脱落酸质量分数显著下降;针叶的赤霉素质量分数显著上升,茎干的赤霉素质量分数变化不显著。剪顶促进红松苗木不定芽发生,最优剪顶时间为高生长速生期;低留干促进不定芽萌发数量增加,高留干促进不定芽长度增加。剪顶后,红松苗木不定芽发生与非结构性碳水化合物质量分数变化关系不大,但与内源激素变化有关;针叶和At the Lao Shan Artificial Forest Experimental Station of the Muer Mountain Experimental Forest Farm of Northeast Forestry University in Shangzhi City,Heilongjiang Province,6⁃year⁃old bare⁃root Pinus koraiensis seedlings were used as experimental materials.Different top pruning times(high growth fast⁃growing period,after the end of high growth)and dif⁃ferent stump heights(low stump height of 40 cm,high stump height of 70 cm)were applied,with no pruning as the con⁃trol.Five treatments were set up(2 top pruning times×2 stump heights+control),with 3 replicates per treatment and 40 seedlings per replicate.Sixty seedlings were randomly selected from each treatment,and the number of adventitious buds and sprouting seedlings were surveyed every 20 days after top pruning.The length and basal diameter of adventitious buds were measured.Seedlings with the best adventitious bud formation effect(high growth fast⁃growing period,low stump height of 40 cm)and control seedlings were selected to determine the content of soluble sugars,starch,cytokinins,aux⁃ins,gibberellins,and abscisic acid in needle leaves and stems.Evaluation indicators included the adventitious bud germi⁃nation and growth of P.koraiensis seedlings,as well as changes in non⁃structural carbohydrates and endogenous hormone content in needle leaves and stems.Top pruning time,stump height were considered as influencing factors.The effects of these factors and their interactions on the growth indicators of P.koraiensis seedlings’adventitious buds were analyzed u⁃sing two⁃way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple comparison method from a physiological perspective.The results showed that top pruning time and stump height significantly affected the growth indicators of P.koraiensis seedling adventitious buds.Top pruning during the high growth fast⁃growing period was more conducive to adventitious bud formation.Seedlings with low stump height had more adventitious buds,while those with high stump height had longer adventitious buds.After top pruning

关 键 词：红松 剪顶 不定芽 非结构性碳水化合物 内源激素 

分 类 号：S723.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S718.4[农业科学—林学]