墨西哥柏种子园营建及早期选择  

Construction and Early Selection of Cupressus lusitanica Seed Orchards

作　　者：周德全 朱仁刚 邓桂香 范林元 谢丽珠 付玉嫔 Zhou Dequan;Zhu Rengang;Deng Guix-iang;Fan Linyuan;Xie Lizhu;Fu Yupin(Yunnan Station of Forest Seed and Seedling,Kunming 650215,P.R.China;Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland)

机构地区：[1]云南省林木种苗工作总站,昆明650215 [2]云南省林业和草原科学院

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2024年第8期36-42,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：云南省林业科技示范项目([2019]ts10号、[2021]ts12号)。

摘　　要：为提出结合子代测定建立种子园的方法和建立新一代种子园提供建园材料,对以种子园与子代测定相结合方式建立的滇中石林林场墨西哥柏实生种子园的102个优树子代,调查其10、20及26年生的墨西哥柏各生长指标,结合不同时期的疏伐进行相关分析和多阶段测定选择法开展选择研究。结果表明:种子园收集区26年生102个家系中保存了74个,保存率72.5%,50%以上的保存家系树高20 m以上,胸径25 cm以上,单株材积0.5 m3以上,四川3个种源间无显著差异,仅家系间差异显著;墨西哥柏在开始的3个10 a间,树高年均生长量呈“V”形变化,第1个10 a生长快,第2个10 a变缓,第3个10 a又变快,胸径和冠幅呈递减趋势,单株材积呈递增趋势;10年生时疏伐,疏伐后顶端优势降低,树高年生长量下降,20年生时疏伐,疏伐后树高年生长量升高,两次疏伐都促进材积年均生长量增长;比较10、20、26年生时的子代测定结果,10和20年生优良家系选择结果差异达44.4%,20和26年生优良家系选择结果仅有92号家系不同,其余家系在两次选择中均为优良家系,因此,10年生时进行早期选择尚早,20年生时的子代测定结果更准确,此时进行精英家系选择结果可靠。20年生时选出25个精英家系材积遗传增益为0.28%~19.02%,26年生时为优中选优,共选出62、71、59、83、87、67、53、90、76、70、95、69、92、60、99等15个精英家系可用于生产推广,材积遗传增益为0.15%~13.40%,考虑结实因素(枝下高为负增益),在此基础上选出59、83、87、90、76、95、92、99等8个家系作为种子园建园精英家系。结合子代测定建立墨西哥柏种子园的方法是可行的,采用初植密植,10年生时第1次疏伐进行家系内淘汰留存1株,20年生时再次疏伐,家系内和家系淘汰结合,可直接根据子代测定结果,将子代测定区和收集区的优良家系保留,去除不好的家系,改建为种子生产区,种子园�To propose the establishment of a seed orchard combining progeny testing and provide the material for establishing a new generation of seed orchards,102 superior progenies of Cupressus lusitanica in a seedling seed orchard established by combining seed orchards with progeny testing in the Shilin Forest Farm in the Dianzhong area were investigated for their growth indicators at 10,20,and 26 years,with a correlation analysis and multi⁃stage determination selection method re⁃search conducted in conjunction with selective thinning at different times.The results showed that among the 102 families preserved in the 26⁃year⁃old collection area of the seed orchard,74 families were preserved,with a preservation rate of 72.5%.Over 50%of the preserved families had a tree height of over 20 m,a diameter at breast height of over 25 cm,and an individual tree volume of over 0.5 m 3.There were no significant differences between the three seed sources in Sichuan,only between families.C.lusitanica showed a“V”⁃shaped variation in average annual tree height growth in the first three 10⁃year periods,with the first 10 years showing rapid growth,the second 10 years showing a slowdown,and the third 10 years showing rapid growth again,while diameter at breast height and crown width showed a decreasing trend,and individ⁃ual tree volume showed an increasing trend.Thinning at 10 years reduced the dominance of the top,resulting in a decrease in average annual tree height growth,while thinning at 20 years led to an increase in average annual tree height growth.Both thinnings promoted an increase in average annual volume growth.Comparing the results of progeny testing at 10,20,and 26 years,the difference in the selection results of elite families between 10 and 20 years was 44.4%,and between 20 and 26 years,only family 92 showed different results.Therefore,early selection at 10 years was premature,and the proge⁃ny testing results at 20 years were more accurate,making the selection of elite families reliable at this time.25 el

关 键 词：墨西哥柏 种子园营建 精英家系 子代测定 

分 类 号：S791.41[农业科学—林木遗传育种]