组合式防烟缓冲区对着火层中性面的数值模拟研究  

Numerical simulation of neutral surface of fire layer with combined smoke buffer

作　　者：赵贤 范威 周汝[2] ZHAO Xian;FAN Wei;ZHOU Ru(Guizhou Electronic Technology Vocational College,Guiyang Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州电子科技职业学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]南京工业大学安全工程学院,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2024年第7期24-27,共4页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51874183);贵州电子科技职业学院院级科研项目(2023YJZK003)。

摘　　要：为研究典型长廊型高层建筑中组合式防烟缓冲区对着火层中性面的影响,用FDS软件建立长廊型高层建筑火灾烟气运动模型。在机械排烟和加压送风的基础上设置组合式防烟缓冲区,分析比较组合式防烟缓冲区对着火层中性面高度、温度分布、CO分布和烟气蔓延情况的影响。结果表明,机械排烟结合加压送风模式下,在机械排烟口EP右侧增设挡烟垂壁使中性面提高0.18 m,在走廊前室门前增加空气幕配合前室加压送风使中性面提高0.35 m,挡烟垂壁加空气幕配合加压送风的组合式防烟缓冲区使走廊中性面消失,达到烟气抑制临界条件。组合式防烟缓冲区延缓了烟气蔓延,把火灾烟气阻挡在缓冲区前,使走廊平均温度降低8.2%,平均CO物质的量浓度降低37.7%,确保前室处于无烟状态,为人员安全疏散提供有利条件。To study the effect of combined smoke buffer zone on the neutral surface of fire floor in typical long corridor high-rise building,FDS software is utilized to establish a fire smoke movement model for a long-corridor highrise building.Based on mechanical smoke exhaust and pressure air supply,a combined smoke prevention buffer is established,the height,temperature distribution,CO concentration distribution and smoke spread of the neutral surface of the fire layer of the combined smoke buffer were analyzed and compared.The results show that under the combination of mechanical smoke exhaust and pressurized air supply mode,adding a smoke blocking vertical wall on the right side of the mechanical smoke exhaust outlet EP can increase the neutral surface by 0.18 m.Adding an air curtain in front of the front chamber of the corridor and pressurizing air supply in the front chamber can increase the neutral surface by 0.35 m.The combined smoke buffer with air curtain and positive pressure air supply can make the neutral surface disappear and reach the critical condition of smoke suppression.The combined smoke prevention buffer zone delays the spread of smoke,blocks the fire smoke in front of the buffer zone,reduces the average temperature of the corridor by 8.2%,and reduces the average CO concentration by 37.7%,ensuring the front room under a smoke-free state,providing favorable conditions for the safe evacuation of personnel.

关 键 词：防烟缓冲区 火灾烟气 中性面 着火层 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程]