共轭静电纺PLA/PU纳米纤维混纺纱的制备及性能表征  

Preparation and performance characterization of PLA/PU nanofiber blended yarn by conjugated electrospinning

作　　者：徐薇仪 刘让同[1,2] 王改改 王慧萍 王钰程 XU Weiyi;LIU Rangtong;WANG Gaigai;WANG Huiping;WANG Yucheng(Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou,451191,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Equipment,Zhengzhou,451191,China)

机构地区：[1]中原工学院,河南郑州451191 [2]先进纺织装备技术省部共建协同创新中心,河南郑州451191

出　　处：《棉纺织技术》2024年第7期54-61,共8页Cotton Textile Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0309100)。

摘　　要：探讨了共轭静电纺PLA/PU纳米纤维混纺纱的制备及性能。通过共轭静电纺技术,结合PLA优良的可纺性和PU良好的力学性能,进行纳米纤维纺纱,制备连续均匀的PU纳米纤维纱和PLA纳米纤维纱,通过调整正负极推注速率实现PLA/PU纳米纤维混纺纱的制备。采用扫描电镜、红外光谱、热重分析仪等对所纺制纱线的结构与性能进行测试表征。结果表明:最佳纺纱工艺参数为纺丝正负极电压9.5 kV,正负针头呈与水平方向30°夹角向上倾斜,喇叭口转速400 r/min,卷绕辊转速5.3 r/min;PLA/PU纳米纤维混纺纱随着PLA喷丝量的增加,捻回角先增大达到平衡后略微减小,PLA/PU比例为3∶4时捻回角达到最大为39.54°,纱线直径波动范围最小,均匀性好,内部纤维粗细最均匀,孔隙率为34.04%,较纯PU明显提高;随着PLA喷丝量的增加,混纺纱断裂强力、断裂伸长、初始模量和断裂功逐渐降低。The preparation and performance of conjugated electrospining PLA/PU nanofiber blended yarn was discussed.By using conjugated electrospinning technology,combined with the excellent spinnability of PLA and the better mechanical property of PU,nanofiber spinning was carried out to prepare continuous and uniform PU nanofiber yarn and PLA nanofiber yarn.PLA/PU nanofiber blended yarn was prepared by adjusting the positive and negative electrode injection rate.The structure of the spun yarn was characterized by scanning electron microscopy,infrared spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis,and the properties of the spun yarn were tested.The results showed that the optimum spinning process parameters were as follows:both positive and negative spinning voltages were 9.5 kV,both positive and negative needles were tilted upward at an angle of 30°from the horizontal direction,the horn speed was 400 r/min,and the winding roller speed was 5.3 r/min.With the increase of PLA spinning rate,the twist angle of PLA/PU nanofiber blended yarn was first increased and reached equilibrium,then slightly decreased.When the PLA/PU ratio was 3∶4,the twist angle was reached the maximum 39.54°,the yarn diameter fluctuation range was the smallest,the uniformity was better,the internal fiber thickness was the most uniform,and the porosity was significantly increased to 34.04%compared with pure PU yarn.With the increase of PLA spinneret content,the breaking strength,breaking elongation,initial modulus and breaking work of the blended yarn was decreased gradually.

关 键 词：共轭静电纺 聚乳酸 聚氨酯 纳米纤维混纺纱 纺织基材 

分 类 号：TS104[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]