天津市DHI参测场中美荷斯坦种公牛使用及其后裔生产性能分析  

A Comparative Study on the Usage of USA and CHN Holstein Bulls in Tianjin

作　　者：赵康 陈丽丽 夏敏 林菲菲 全春兰 李宁 徐宝粱 ZHAO Kang;CHEN Li-li;XIA Min;LIN Fei-fei;QUAN Chun-lan;LI Ning;XU Bao-liang(Tianjin Jiali he animal Husbandry Group Company Limited,Tianjin 300404;Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300192)

机构地区：[1]天津嘉立荷牧业集团有限公司,天津300404 [2]天津市农业科学院,天津300192

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2024年第6期47-50,共4页China Dairy Cattle

摘　　要：本研究基于2022年天津市DHI数据对美国(USA)与中国(CHN)荷斯坦种公牛在天津市牧场的使用及其后裔的生产性能进行对比分析,并对USA种公牛总性能指数/育种综合指数(Total Performance Index/GeneralTotal Performance Index,TPI/GTPI)与后裔生产性能之间进行单因素方差分析。结果显示,USA和CHN是天津地区种公牛冻精的主要来源国家,2022年后裔奶牛DHI数据显示,其中1 383头种公牛有455头来自USA,444头来自CHN;USA种公牛在天津参测牧场中的后裔群体数共1 543个,女儿数共11 019头;444头CHN种公牛在天津参测牧场中后裔群体数共1 335个,女儿数共16 910头;USA后裔生产性能测定数据显示,其日平均奶量较CHN后裔高0.78%,乳脂率较CHN后裔低0.81%,差异显著(P<0.05),体细胞数较CHN后裔高0.86%;USA后裔305d奶量较CHN后裔高0.21%,305d乳脂量较CHN后裔高0.55%,305d乳蛋白量较CHN后裔高1.03%;对USA种公牛TPI/GTPI进行分档,并与后裔生产性能进行比较分析,结果显示TPI水平列在第3档的种公牛后裔各项生产性能指标均较2档高,且日奶量、305d奶量、305d乳脂量及305d乳蛋白量差异显著(P<0.05);GTPI水平第3档种公牛后裔的日奶量和305d奶量高于1档,且1档高于2档,3档与2档之间差异显著(P<0.05),305d乳脂量和305d乳蛋白量从3档到2档逐档降低,且差异不显著(P>0.05)。可以得出,天津市DHI参测牧场中主要使用来自USA和CHN的种公牛冻精,CHN种公牛在天津参测牧场中后裔群体数较USA种公牛低,女儿数较USA种公牛高;CHN种公牛与USA种公牛后裔生产性能相近;不同TPI/GTPI水平USA种公牛,其后裔各项指标并非与TPI/GTPI水平呈正相关。通过以上分析,建议今后奶牛场在选择种公牛冻精时可多关注国内种公牛,避免盲目选择高TPI/GTPI的进口冻精。This study investigated the usage of USA and CHN Holstein Bulls based on the 2022 DHI data of Tianjin,and compared the production performance of descendants of USA and CHN Holstein bulls.The relationship between Total Performance Index/General Lifetime Profit Index(TPI/GTPI) and offspring performance of Bulls was analyzed by one-way Anova.The results showed that USA and CHN were the main sources of frozen bull essence in Tianjin area.There were 455 bulls from USA and 444 bulls from CHN,there were 1543 heirs and 11019 daughters of USA bulls,however,1335 heirs and 16910 daughters of CHN bulls.The production performance measurement data of USA descendants show that the average daily milk yield of USA descendant was 0.78% higher than that of CHN descendant,the milk fat rate was 0.81% lower than that of CHN descendant(P<0.05),the somatic cell number was 0.86% higher than that of CHN descendant,the 305d milk yield of USA descendant was 0.21% higher than that of CHN descendant,the 305d milk fat amount and 305 milk protein amount were 0.55%,1.03% higher than those of CHN descendants,respectively.The TPI/GTPI of USA breeding bulls was graded and compared with the production performance of the progeny.The results showed that the production performance indexes of bull offspring in grade 3 TPI level were higher than those in grade 2,and there were significant differences in daily milk,305 milk,305 milk fat and 305 milk protein(P<0.05).The daily milk and 305 milk of the offspring of the 3rd grade GTPI horizontal species were higher than those of the 1st grade,and the 1st grade was higher than that of the 2nd grade,and the difference between the 3rd grade and the 2nd grade was significant(P<0.05),and the milk fat and protein of 305 milk decreased from the 3rd grade to the 2nd grade,and the difference was not significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:USA and CHN Holstein bulls are the most used breeding bulls in Tianjin pasture.The number of offspring of CHN Bulls is lower than that of USA bulls,and the number of daughters is higher than

关 键 词：USA种公牛 CHN种公牛 国别 TPI/GTPI 后裔生产性能测定 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]