我国籽实和饲草燕麦土壤钾素丰缺指标与推荐施钾量初步研究  

Preliminary Study on Abundance-deficiency Index of Soil K and Recommended Potassium Fertilizer Application Rates for Grain and Forage Oats in China

作　　者：孙洪仁[1] 王显国[1] 张运龙 杜雪燕 李林霞 SUN Hong-ren;WANG Xian-guo;ZHANG Yun-long;DU Xue-yan;LI Lin-xia(College of Grassland Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;Qinghai Province Forage Technology Extension Station,Xining 810016)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院,北京100193 [2]青海省饲草料技术推广站,西宁810016

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2024年第6期54-59,共6页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目“现代牧草产业技术体系建设”(CARS-34)。

摘　　要：为了给我国燕麦测土施钾提供科学依据,本研究采用“零散实验数据整合法”和“养分平衡-地力差减法新应用公式”,开展了我国燕麦土壤钾素丰缺指标与推荐施钾量研究。结果表明,我国燕麦土壤速效钾第1~3级丰缺指标依次为≥258、117~258和<117mg/kg,全钾第1~4级丰缺指标依次为≥31、21~31、11~21和<11 g/kg。当钾肥当季利用率40%~60%时,目标产量1.5~6.0t/hm^(2)籽实燕麦第1~4级土壤推荐施钾量分别为0、10~60、20~120和30~180kg/hm^(2);目标产量4.5~15t/hm^(2)饲草燕麦第1~4级土壤推荐施钾量依次为0、18~90、36~180和54~270kg/hm^(2)。本研究初步建立了我国籽实和饲草燕麦土壤钾素丰缺指标推荐施肥系统,为我国燕麦测土施钾奠定了科学基础。To provide a scientific basis for soil testing and K fertilizer recommendation of oats,an integration method for scattered experimental data and the new applied formula based on “the method of nutrient balance and projected yield minus soil fertility yield” were employed to study the abundance-deficiency index(ADI) of soil K and the recommended potassium fertilizer application rate(RPFAR) for oats in China.The results show that the ADI of soil available K for oats in China from the first to the third level are 258,117~258 and <117 mg/kg,respectively.The ADI of soil total K for oats in China from the first to the forth level are 31,21~31,11~21 and <11g/kg,respectively.When the potassium fertilizer use efficiency in current season(PFUEICS) is 40%~60% and the target yields of grain oats are 1.5~6.0 t/hm~2,the ranges of RPFAR for the first to the forth level soil are 0,10~60,20~120 and 30~180 kg/hm~2,respectively.When the PFUEICS is 40%~60% and the target yield of forage oats is 4.5~15t/hm~2,the ranges of the RPFAR for the first to the forth level soil are 0,18~90,36~180 and 54~270kg/hm~2,respectively.In this study,the recommended fertilization system based on the ADI of soil K for grain and forage oats in China is preliminary established,and it lays a scientific foundation for soil testing and potassium fertilization of oats in China.

关 键 词：中国 燕麦 测土施肥 速效钾 全钾 丰缺指标 钾肥 施肥量 

分 类 号：S823.4[农业科学—畜牧学]