学术聘用法律治理的过去、现在与未来  

Past,Present,and Future of Academic Employment Legal Governance

作　　者：姚荣 Yao Rong

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学高等教育研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（高等教育）》2023年第6期51-59,共9页

基　　金：2022年度上海市教育法学人才培养计划项目“高校法治秩序建构的国际经验与中国探索”(2022JYFXR056)。

摘　　要：在高校与教师之间法律争议案件持续增多且日趋复杂的背景下,如何明晰学术聘用法律治理的框架和原则,开始受到学界和实务界的广泛关注。在大陆法系和英美法系国家,学术聘用的法律治理均旨在厘清高校与教师双方的权利和义务,并分别形成了以公法框架与合同框架为基础的法律规制体系。为回应两种规制传统的局限性,两大法系国家和地区大学人事法制变革中的公私法交融趋势日趋明显。由此,公法干预与私人自治两种规制理念,均在学术聘用的法律治理中得到了不同程度的体现。展望未来,从形式法治走向实质法治,捍卫学术自由权利在大学人事法制中的基础性地位,重申学术聘用有别于其他领域雇佣的特殊性,以更好地保障高校教师的职业安全与创新自由,是学术聘用迈向良法善治的关键所在。Under the background of increasing number of complex legal disputes between colleges and universities and teachers,how to clarify the framework and principles of academic employment legal governance has begun to receive extensive attention from academic and practical circles.In the Continental law system and the Common law system,the legal governance of academic employment aims to clarify the rights and obligations of universities and teachers,and forms a legal regulation system based on public law framework and contract framework respectively.In response to the limitations of the two regulatory traditions,the blending trend of public and private law in the reform of university personnel legal system in the countries and regions of the two legal systems is becoming obvious.Therefore,the two regulatory concepts of public law intervention and private autonomy have been reflected in varying degrees in the legal governance of academic employment.Looking forward to the future,from formal rule of law to substantive rule of law,we should defend the fundamental position of academic freedom in university personnel law,and reiterate the particularity of academic employment which is different from other fields of employment,in order to better protect the occupational safety and innovation freedom of university teachers.The whole process would be the key to academic employment moving towards good law and good governance.

关 键 词：学术聘用 良法善治 大学人事法制 学术自由 教师权利 

分 类 号：D912.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] G645.1[政治法律—法学]