节水型农艺措施对旱砂西瓜产量及品质的影响研究进展  

Research Progress on Effects of Water-saving Agronomic Measures on Yield and Quality of Watermelon in Gravel-mulched Field

作　　者：于婧 YU Jing(Dayu Irrigation Group Co.,Ltd.,Jiuquan Gansu 735000)

机构地区：[1]大禹节水集团股份有限公司,甘肃酒泉735000

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2024年第13期41-44,共4页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

摘　　要：位于我国西北内陆的半干旱区和干旱区,干旱指数可达3.75~16.67,严重制约当地各项生产活动可持续发展。旱砂西瓜作为地区支柱型产业,具有耐旱、高产和高品质等特点,但在扩大旱砂田西瓜种植面积的同时,生产效率低、操作不规范、收益甚微、农田原始生物群落受到破坏、生态环境污染等副作用凸显。本文以旱砂西瓜种植过程中凸显的问题为出发点,通过对育种、覆膜、病虫害防治、集雨补灌等农艺措施对旱砂西瓜产量和品质的影响进行综述,阐明由于区位差异性强、试验年限代表性低和相同技术方法所得结果不统一等原因引起研究结果差异的不足与改进,进一步对旱砂西瓜产业研究进行分析,以达到研究与应用相切合的目标,从而实现旱砂西瓜高产高效种植。The semi-arid and arid regions located in the inland northwest of China,the drought index can reach 3.75-16.67,which seriously restricts the sustainable development of various local production activities.As a regional pillar industry,gravel-mulched watermelon has the characteristics of drought tolerance,high yield and high quality,etc.While expanding the area of gravel-mulched watermelon cultivation,side effects such as low production efficiency,irregular operation,little profit,destruction of the original biotope of farmland and ecological pollution have been highlighted.This paper took the problems highlighted in the process of watermelon cultivation in gravel-mulched fields as the starting point,reviewed the effects of agronomic measures such as breeding,mulching,disease and pest control,and supplemental irrigation of collected rainwater on the yield and quality of gravel-mulched watermelon.It clarified the shortcomings and improvements of the differences in research results due to strong locational variability,low representativeness of experimental years,and inconsistent results obtained by the same technical methods.The research on the gravel-mulched watermelon industry was further analyzed,so as to accomplish the aim of matching research with the application,and to achieve high yield and efficient cultivation of watermelon in gravel-mulched fields.

关 键 词：旱砂西瓜 节水型农艺措施 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]