不同前茬作物对信阳市平桥区植烟土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Different Previous Crops on Nutrients of Tobacco Planting Soil in Pingqiao District of Xinyang City

作　　者：王海涛[1] 张警予 裴泽峰 付旭东 郭磊 胡婧棪 WANG Haitao;ZHANG Jingyu;PEI Zefeng;FU Xudong;GUO Lei;HU Jingyan(Institute of Tobacco Research,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xuchang Henan 461000;Pingqiao Branch,Xinyang Tobacco Company,Xinyang Henan 464000)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院烟草研究所,河南许昌461000 [2]信阳市烟草公司平桥区分公司,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2024年第14期29-32,57,共5页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：河南省烟草公司信阳市公司科技项目“以病毒病为主的烟草病虫害绿色防控技术研究与示范”;河南省烟草公司信阳市公司科技项目“植烟土壤碳达峰与调控技术研究与应用”(2022411500200094)。

摘　　要：为研究不同前茬作物对植烟土壤肥力的影响,从信阳市平桥区采集166个土壤样品进行养分测定。结果表明:土壤pH值总体处于适宜水平(5.5~<7.0),玉米前茬土壤酸化程度普遍较高,花生前茬土壤pH值大多处于适宜水平;土壤有机质含量总体处于适宜或偏低水平,烟叶前茬土壤有机质含量有83.33%处于适宜水平,其余前茬作物的土壤有机质含量偏低,需及时补充有机肥;不同前茬的土壤碱解氮平均含量均超过100 mg/kg,处于中等偏上水平,应控制氮肥的施用量;土壤有效磷含量水稻前茬的较高,其他前茬土壤有效磷含量均处于适宜水平,但变异系数较大;土壤速效钾平均含量均处于适宜水平,其中花生前茬的土壤速效钾含量处于适宜水平的比例最高,为83.64%;除水稻前茬外,其他前茬植烟区土壤中氯离子平均含量均处于适宜水平,但整体来看氯离子含量偏高比例较大,在种植过程中应及时调控。In order to study the effects of different previous crops on fertility of tobacco planting soil,this paper collected 166 soil samples from Pingqiao District in Xinyang City for nutrient determination.The results showed that the overall soil pH value was at an appropriate level(5.5-<7.0),and the degree of soil acidification in the previous corn crop was generally high,while the soil pH value in the previous peanut crop was mostly at an appropriate level.The overall soil organic matter content was at an appropriate or low level.83.33%of the soil organic matter content in the previous tobacco crop was at an appropriate level,while the soil organic matter content in the other previous crops was low,requiring timely supplementation of organic fertilizer.The average content of soil alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen in different previous crops exceeded 100 mg/kg,which was above the average level.Therefore,the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled.The soil available phosphorus content in the previous rice crop was higher,while the soil available phosphorus content in other previous crops was at an appropriate level,but the coefficient of variation was relatively high.The average content of soil available potassium was at an appropriate level,with the highest proportion of soil available potassium content at an appropriate level in the previous peanut crop,accounting for 83.64%.Except for the previous rice crop,the average content of soil chloride ion in the other previous crops was at an appropriate level.However,the overall proportion of high chloride ion content was relatively high,and timely regulation should be carried out during the planting process.

关 键 词：植烟土壤 养分含量 前茬作物 河南信阳 平桥区 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]