煤矸石复合基质理化性质及其对甜瓜苗生长的影响  

Physicochemical Properties of Coal Gangue Composite Matrix and Its Effect on Growth of Melon Seedlings

作　　者：刘玉梅 郑超 李英赛 杨飞 LIU Yumei;ZHENG Chao;LI Yingsai;YANG Fei(Yongfeng Sub-district Office of Juye County,Juye Shandong 274999;Horticultural College of Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang Liaoning 110866;College of Agricultural and Biological Engineering,Heze University,Heze Shandong 274015)

机构地区：[1]巨野县永丰街道办事处,山东巨野274999 [2]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [3]菏泽学院农业与生物工程学院,山东菏泽274015

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2024年第14期70-75,共6页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

摘　　要：为了探讨煤矸石粉与育苗基质混合制作复合基质进行蔬菜育苗的效果,以绿蜜58号甜瓜为试材,以育苗基质(草炭∶蛭石∶珍珠岩∶鸡粪=2∶2∶2∶1)为对照(CK),研究煤矸石粉占复合基质总体积20%、40%、50%、60%、80%对基质理化性质和甜瓜幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:随着煤矸石所占体积比的增加,复合基质的容重升高,总孔隙度、通气孔隙度、持水孔隙度和持水率降低,pH值升高,EC值略有降低,全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾和有机质含量均呈降低趋势,重金属总含量和有效含量均远低于农用地污染风险筛选值;煤矸石粉占总体积50%的复合基质最有利于甜瓜幼苗生长,幼苗的株高、茎粗、叶面积、地上部干质量、壮苗指数和根系活力均最高,光合色素含量显著高于CK。In order to explore the effect of composite substrate made of coal gangue powder and seedling substrate for vegetable seedling cultivation,Lyumi 58 melon was used as the the test material and the seedling substrate(peat∶vermiculite∶perlite∶chicken manure=2∶2∶2∶1)was used as the control(CK).The effects of coal gangue powder accounting for 20%,40%,50%,60%and 80%of the total volume of the composite substrate on the physicochemical properties of the substrate and the growth of melon seedlings were studied.The results showed that with the increase of the volume ratio of coal gangue,the bulk density of the composite substrate increased,while the total porosity,aeration porosity,water holding porosity and water holding rate decreased,the pH value increased,the EC value slightly decreased,the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter of the composite substrate all showed a decreasing trend,and the total content and effective content of heavy metals were far lower than the screening value of agricultural land pollution risk.The composite substrate with coal gangue powder accounting for 50%of the total volume was most conducive to the growth of melon seedlings,with the highest plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,shoot dry mass,sound seedling index and root activity,its photosynthetic pigment content was significantly higher than that of CK as well.

关 键 词：煤矸石 育苗基质 甜瓜 理化性质 生长指标 生理指标 安全性 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学] X752[农业科学—园艺学]