基于代谢组学的烟草逆境胁迫及烟叶品质研究进展  

Research Progress on Stress and Quality of Tobacco Based on Metabonomics

作　　者：毕浩东 史久长 李秋剑[2] 张力 王卫民[2] 许嘉阳 韩丹[1] 许自成[1] 贾玮 Bi Haodong;Shi Jiuchang;Li Qiujian;Zhang Li;Wang Weimin;Xu Jiayang;Han Dan;XuZicheng;Jia Wei(Tobacco College of Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou,310008,China;College of Resources and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002 [2]浙江中烟工业有限责任公司,浙江杭州310008 [3]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2024年第6期165-172,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：浙江中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(ZJZY2022B002);河南省烟草公司科技项目(2022410000240016);浙江中烟-河南农业大学烟叶基地技术依托服务项目(2023330000341203)。

摘　　要：代谢组学是一门研究生物体在环境变化后产生的小分子代谢物质变化规律的学科,作为一项新兴组学技术,在基因组学、蛋白质组学和转录组学之后逐渐发展起来。随着近年来极端天气频发,多种逆境胁迫对烟草的生长发育和品质产生严重影响,包括烟草质量下降、口感及香气特性发生变化等。本文总结了近年来烟草在响应逆境胁迫方面的代谢组学研究,涵盖生物胁迫和非生物胁迫两个方面,发现在逆境胁迫条件下,烟草中氨基酸、类黄酮以及糖类等与渗透调节和抗氧化相关的物质含量明显增加。同时,对代谢组学在鲜烟叶及烤后烟叶品质形成过程中的应用研究进行归纳,发现鲜烟叶受地域和成熟度影响较大,而烤后烟代谢物在不同品种间差异较大,高品质烟叶均表现出致香物质、类胡萝卜素降解产物和类西伯烷类物质等次生代谢物增多,这些物质能够赋予烟草独特的香气和风味,对品质提升具有重要意义。最后,对应用代谢组学研究烟草逆境生物学和品质的应用前景进行展望,以期为烟草逆境胁迫和品质提升方面的研究提供新思路。Metabolomics is a discipline that studies the changes in small molecule metabolites produced by organisms after environmental changes.As an emerging omics technology,it has gradually developed after genomics,proteomics,and transcriptomics.With the frequent occurrence of extreme weather in recent years,various adverse stresses have had a serious impact on the growth,development,and quality of tobacco,including a decline in tobacco quality,changes in taste and aroma characteristics,etc.This article summarizes the metabolomics research on tobacco response to stress defense in recent years,covering both biological and abiotic stress.It is found that under stress conditions,the content of amino acids,flavonoids,sugars,and other substances related to osmotic regulation and antioxidant activity in tobacco significantly increases.At the same time,the application research of metabolomics in the quality formation process of fresh tobacco leaves and cured tobacco leaves was summarized.It was found that fresh tobacco leaves are greatly affected by geography and maturity,while the metabolites of cured tobacco vary greatly among different varieties.High quality tobacco leaves all show an increase in secondary metabolites such as aroma compounds, carotenoiddegradation products, and siberane like substances. These substances can endow tobacco with unique aromaand flavor, which is of great significance for quality improvement. Finally, prospects for the application ofmetabolomics in studying tobacco stress biology and quality are discussed. To provide new ideas for researchon tobacco stress and quality improvement under adverse conditions.

关 键 词：代谢组学 烟草 逆境胁迫 抗逆性 次生代谢物 品质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] Q945.78[农业科学—作物学]