面向下一代事件视界望远镜的亚毫米波望远镜的选址与评估  

Site Selection and Evaluation of Submillimeter Wave Telescopes for Next-Generation Event Horizon Telescopes

作　　者：程远 路如森[2,4] 沈志强[2,4] 于威[5] CHENG Yuan;LU Ru-sen;SHEN Zhi-qiang;YU Wei(ShanghaiTech University,Shanghai 201210,China;Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Center for Astrophysics j Harvard&Smithsonian,Cambridge,MA02138,USA)

机构地区：[1]上海科技大学,上海201210 [2]中国科学院上海天文台,上海200030 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]中国科学院射电天文重点实验室,南京210008 [5]哈佛史密松天体物理中心,剑桥MA02138

出　　处：《天文学进展》2024年第2期371-382,共12页Progress In Astronomy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11933007);中国科学院基础前沿科学研究计划从0到1原始创新项目(ZDBS-LYSLH011);上海市基础研究特区计划(JCYJ-SHFY-2021-013);中德马普伙伴小组项目。

摘　　要：EHT在2019年利用VLBI技术获得了首张黑洞照片,为了满足黑洞动态成像的需求,下一代EHT阵列会加入更多位于东半球的站点。中国的青藏高原是世界上平均海拔最高的地区,独特的气象条件使其成为潜在的选址区域。使用3年(2019―2021)的MERRA-2数据,对青藏高原地区的高频射电观测条件进行了初步评估,一共包含759个数据格点。根据这些格点在不同季节不透明度的表现,选出4个季节中各自最优的格点。结合目前已经建立站点的气象条件,对这4个格点进行了评估,评估主要考虑了可降水量、液体水路径、风速这3个气象因素。除此之外,以ALMA望远镜阵列的气象条件为标准,为新台站的选址划定了初步的范围。In 2019,the Event Horizon Telescope(EHT)used very long baseline interferometry to capture the first-ever image of a black hole.To meet the demand for dynamic imaging of black holes,the next generation of the EHT array will incorporate more stations located in the eastern hemisphere.The Tibet Plateau in China is the highest region on average elevation in the world,and its unique meteorological conditions make it a potential candidate for site selection.In this paper,we conducted a preliminary evaluation of the high-frequency radio observation conditions in the Tibet Plateau region using MERRA-2 data from the past three years(2019―2021),consisting of 759 data grid points.Based on the opacity performance of these grid points in different seasons,we selected the optimal grid points for each of the four seasons.In addition to the meteorological conditions of the already established sites,we evaluated these four grid points based on three meteorological factors:precipitable water vapor(PWV),liquid water path(LWP),and wind speed.Furthermore,using the meteorological conditions of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array(ALMA)as a standard,we defined the preliminary range for the site selection of the new station.

关 键 词：EHT 不透明度 可降水量 液态水路径 

分 类 号：P112[天文地球—天文学]