急性左主干完全闭塞与次全闭塞的心电图特点和院内死亡因素的分析  

Analysis of electrocardiographic features and in-hospital mortality in acute total left main artery occlusion and subtotal occlusion

作　　者：刘春伟[1] 杨凡 胡越成[1] 张敬霞[1] 丛洪良[1] 李曦铭[1] LIU Chunwei;YANG Fan;HU Yuecheng;ZHANG Jingxia;CONG Hongliang;LI Ximing(Department of Cardiology,Tianjin Chest Hospital,Tianjin 300051,China;Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital)

机构地区：[1]天津市胸科医院心内科,300051 [2]天津医科大学肿瘤医院超声诊疗科

出　　处：《天津医药》2024年第7期755-761,共7页Tianjin Medical Journal

基　　金：天津市医学重点学科(心血管病学)建设项目。

摘　　要：目的探讨左主干完全闭塞与次全闭塞的心电图特点差异,并对该类患者院内死亡因素进行分析。方法纳入94例左主干完全闭塞患者(完全闭塞组)和99例左主干次全闭塞患者(次全闭塞组),比较其心电图特点、冠状动脉造影和其他临床资料差异,并对患者的院内死亡因素进行分析。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析心电图特点对左主干完全闭塞患者院内死亡风险的预测价值。分析左主干完全闭塞患者心电图特点与休克和侧支循环的关系。结果与次全闭塞组比较,完全闭塞组Ⅰ、avL、V2—V5导联ST段抬高,avR+avL导联ST段抬高,左前分支传导阻滞、左前分支+右束支传导阻滞比例升高,QRS时限延长,而avR导联ST段抬高和avR+V1导联ST段抬高比例降低(P<0.01)。avR+avL导联ST段抬高预测左主干完全闭塞特异度为0.97,左前分支+右束支阻滞预测左主干完全闭塞特异度为1.00。完全闭塞组院内死亡率为46.8%(44/94),次全闭塞组院内死亡率为14.1%(14/99)。在左主干完全闭塞患者中,Ⅰ、avL、V2—V5导联ST段抬高,QRS时限,休克,无侧支循环,Ⅰ、avL、V2—V5导联ST段抬高合并左前分支+右束支阻滞,Ⅰ、avL、V2—V5导联ST段抬高合并休克对于院内死亡有一定预测价值,曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.716、0.619、0.766、0.688、0.572、0.785;Ⅰ、avL、V2—V5导联ST段抬高合并休克诊断特异度为0.82,敏感度为0.75。Ⅰ、avL、V2—V5导联ST段抬高合并左前分支+右束支阻滞预测完全闭塞患者院内死亡特异度为0.94。在急性左主干完全闭塞中,Ⅰ、avL、V2—V5导联ST段抬高,左前分支+右束支阻滞和无侧支循环患者中休克比例较高(P<0.05)。完全闭塞患者中,Ⅰ、avL、V2—V5导联ST段抬高患者未建立侧支循环,avR导联(包含avR+V1导联)ST段抬高患者中82.4%存在右冠状动脉侧支循环供应前降支+回旋支范围。而在avR+avL导联ST段抬高患者中69.2%存在右冠状动脉Objective To investigate the difference of electrocardiographic(ECG)features between total left main artery(LM)occlusion and subtotal occlusion,and analyze risk factors of in-hospital mortality.Methods A total of 94 patients with left main complete occlusion and 99 patients with subtotal occlusion were included.ECG characteristics,coronary angiography and other clinical data were compared,and factors of hospital death were analyzed.The receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve was used to analyze the predictive value of ECG characteristics in hospital death risk in patients with LM occlusion.The relationship between ECG characteristics,shock and collateral circulation were analyzed in patients with LM occlusion.Results Compared with the subtotal occlusion group,patients with LM occlusion presented with more ST-segment elevation(STE)inⅠ,avL,V2-V5,more STE in avR and avL,more left anterior fascicular block+right bundle branch block,prolonged QRS duration,less STE in avR and less STE in avR+V1.The in-hospital mortality was 46.8%(44/94)in LM occlusion and 14.1%(14/99)in LM subtotal occlusion.STE in avR+avL predicted total LM occlusion with a specificity of 0.97,and left anterior branch+right bundle branch block predicted total LM occlusion with a specificity of 1.00.In patients with total LM occlusion,STE inⅠ,avL,V2-V5,prolongation of QRS duration,shock,no collateral circulation,STE inⅠ,avL,V2-V5 combined with left anterior fascicular block+right bundle branch block,and STE inⅠ,avL,V2-V5 combined with shock predicted in-hospital mortality,with the area under the curve of 0.716,0.619,0.766,0.688,0.572,0.785,respectively.The diagnostic specificity of STE inⅠ,avL,V2-V5 combined with shock was 0.82,and the sensitivity was 0.75.STE inⅠ,avL,V2-V5 combined with left anterior fascicular block+right bundle branch block predicted in-hospital death in LM occlusion with a specificity of 0.94.The proportion of shock was higher in patients with STE inⅠ,avL,V2-V5,left anterior fascicular block+right bundle branch b

关 键 词：冠状动脉闭塞 心电描记术 休克 左主干 完全闭塞 次全闭塞 院内死亡 

分 类 号：R540.41[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R542.22[医药卫生—内科学]