基于FIO-COM的复杂海洋环境下的声传播效应研究  

Acoustic Propagation Effects in Complex Ocean Environments Based on FIO-COM

作　　者：杨春梅 李润 刘宗伟 姜莹 吕连港 李显阳 YANG Chunmei;LI Run;LIU Zongwei;JIANG Ying;LÜLiangang;LI Xianyang(First Institute of Oceanography,MNR,Qingdao 266061,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling,MNR,Qingdao 266061,China;Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling,Qingdao 266061,China;Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling,Laoshan Laboratory,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061 [2]自然资源部海洋环境科学与数值模拟重点实验室,山东青岛266061 [3]山东省海洋环境科学与数值模拟重点实验室,山东青岛266061 [4]崂山实验室区域海洋动力学与数值模拟功能实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2024年第3期578-589,共12页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFC3107703);崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202204800);国家自然科学基金项目(42206195)

摘　　要：海洋声学预报系统将海浪-潮流-环流耦合的海洋模型FIO-COM(Coupled Ocean Model)与水下声场传播模型协同连接。在此基础上,本文利用海表面高度异常数据识别和预测海洋中尺度结构的位置和演变,并生成相应的中尺度海洋环境下的声学参数,可用于分析各种包含海洋中尺度结构在内的复杂海洋环境下的声传播效应。利用该系统计算并分析了冲绳海槽、黑潮锋面和北太平洋冷涡等实际海洋环境下的声传播效应,研究结果表明:相对于水体声速场的结构变化,冲绳海槽地形对声传播的影响更为显著,海槽外侧的声源在穿越海槽传播时,大部分声能量陷落在海槽底部,很难到达海槽对面;不考虑地形的影响,黑潮锋表面较高的水温能够导致近海面水域声能量减弱,相对于距离无关水体环境,声传播损失增大约5~10 dB;北太平洋冷涡使得声能量提前汇聚,进而改变汇聚区的宽度、强度和位置。The ocean acoustic forecasting system combined the wave-tide-circulation coupled ocean model developed by First Institute of Oceanography,MNR(FIO-COM)with several underwater sound propagation models.In this paper,the system is further developed to identify and predict the position and evolution of ocean mesoscale structures by utilizing abnormal data of sea surface height.It also generates corresponding acoustic parameters that accurately characterize the mesoscale structures.The acoustic propagation effects in diverse and complex marine environments were studied and analyzed,taking into account the presence of mesoscale structures such as the Okinawa Trough,the Kuroshio Front,and the North Pacific Cold Eddy.The results indicate that,compared to the changes in the structure of the sound velocity profile,the influence of trough topography on sound propagation is more significant.When a sound source located outside the trough propagates through it,most of the sound energy becomes trapped at the bottom of the trough,making it difficult for it to reach the opposite side;without considering the influence of topography,the elevated sea surface temperature associated with the Kuroshio front results in weakened sound energy near the sea surface.This,in turn,leads to an increase of approximately 5-10 dB in sound propagation loss compared to a range-independent water environment;the presence of a cold eddy can cause sound energy to converge earlier,thereby altering the width,intensity,and location of the convergence zone.

关 键 词：声学预报 海洋模型 中尺度结构 声传播效应 

分 类 号：P733.21[天文地球—物理海洋学]