基于敏感度分层优化的Halbach永磁电机电磁振动分析  

Electromagnetic vibration analysis of Halbach permanent magnet motor based on sensitivity stratification optimization

作　　者：高建宁 高锋阳[1] 姚普 宋志翔 杨凯文 高翾宇 徐昊 GAO Jianning;GAO Fengyang;YAO Pu;SONG Zhixiang;YANG Kaiwen;GAO Xuanyu;XU Hao(School of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;School of Automation,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi′an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学自动化与电气工程学院,兰州730070 [2]西北工业大学自动化学院,西安710072

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报》2024年第7期142-153,共12页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52267004);甘肃省教育厅优秀研究生“创新之星”项目(2022CXZX-618)。

摘　　要：为解决内置式永磁同步电机径向电磁力引起的电磁振动问题,提出一种分段永磁体采用Halbach充磁方式同时转子开设辅助槽的电机拓扑结构。首先,对电机气隙磁密、径向电磁力、电磁振动原理进行推导与分析,并建立有限元模型。其次,提出基于电磁场和机械场耦合的电磁振动分析方案,对电机径向电磁力进行时间空间阶次傅里叶分解,在机械场中,分析电机定子在不同频率下的振动加速度幅值大小,并计算出定子各阶模态。在此基础上,基于响应面法和多目标遗传算法构建电机参数敏感度分层优化方案,并求得样本点帕累托前沿从而确定电机最优参数,将优化后的电机与普通V型内置式电机进行比较。最后,在机械场中仿真得到转子所受等效应力和总变形,验证得所提电机结构符合机械设计要求。分析结果表明:所提出结构电机在不损失电磁转矩的基础上,径向电磁力幅值大幅度降低,抑制了齿槽转矩,改善了气隙磁密和反电势的正弦度,在提高电机电磁性能的同时抑制了电磁振动的发生。In order to solve the problem of electromagnetic vibration caused by radial electromagnetic force of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor,a motor topology structure with Halbach magnetizing mode for piecework permanent magnet and auxiliary slots for rotor was proposed.Firstly,the principle of air gap magnetic density,radial electromagnetic force and electromagnetic vibration of the motor is deduced and analyzed,and the finite element model is established.Secondly,an electromagnetic vibration analysis scheme based on the coupling of electromagnetic field and mechanical field is proposed,and the time and space order Fourier decomposition of the radial electromagnetic force of the motor is carried out.In the mechanical field,the amplitude of the vibration acceleration of the motor stator at different frequencies is analyzed,and the modes of the stator are calculated.On this basis,the hierarchical optimization scheme of motor parameter sensitivity was constructed based on response surface method and multi-objective genetic algorithm,and the Pareto frontier of sample points was obtained to determine the optimal parameters of the motor.Comparing the optimized motor with the ordinary V-type interior motor.Finally,the equivalent stress and total deformation of the rotor were simulated in the mechanical field,and the proposed motor structure was verified to meet the mechanical design requirements.The analysis results show that the radial electromagnetic force amplitude of the proposed structure motor is greatly reduced on the basis of no loss of electromagnetic torque,which restrains the groove torque,improves the air gap magnetic density and the sinusoidal degree of back potential,improves the electromagnetic performance of the motor and restrains the electromagnetic vibration.

关 键 词：内置式永磁同步电机 Halbach永磁体 径向电磁力 定子模态 参数敏感度 响应面法 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]