乡村振兴视角下农村土地银行法律制度构建的困境与对策  

The Dilemma and Countermeasures of Legal System Construction of Rural Land Bank from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization

作　　者：马建兵 吴翠莲 MA Jianbing;WU Cuilian

机构地区：[1]广西地方法治与地方治理研究中心,广西桂林541006 [2]广西师范大学,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《吉林金融研究》2024年第5期71-78,共8页Journal of Jilin Financial Research

基　　金：广西地方法治与地方治理研究中心重点项目《土地银行法律制度的西部特殊性研究》,项目编号:GXDFFZZD201906。

摘　　要：为应对农村经济发展中出现的农村金融资源匮乏、土地资源利用不充分这两个问题,实现构建“新型农业经营体系”的这一构想,构建农村土地银行这一新型金融机构的呼声日益高涨。土地银行这一概念虽然出现多年,并且部分地区有所实践,但其法律性质仍然模糊,相关领域的立法依旧空白,实践中政府对土地银行的干预过多,同时在构建土地银行法律制度时需应对中央与地方立法权限上的冲突,以及平衡好立法中效率与公平等问题。通过界定土地银行政策性新型金融机构的属性,明确政府的适当干预原则,加快推进“土地银行法”单独立法以及制定统一的上位法与监督机构,优化中央与地方立法权限的配置,以及明确公平与效率并重的关系等具体措施来应对实践中的困境,以期顺利构建农村土地银行法律制度,为农村经济发展献力。In order to deal with the two problems of lack of rural fi nancial resources and inadequate use of land resources in rural economic development,and realize the idea of building a"new agricultural management system",the voice of building a new fi nancial institution of rural land bank is rising.Although the concept of land bank has appeared for many years,its legal nature is still vague,legislation in related fi elds is still blank,and the government interferes too much in land bank.Meanwhile,when constructing the legal system of land bank,it is necessary to deal with the confl ict between the legislative authority of the central and local governments,as well as balance the effi ciency and fairness in legislation.By defi ning the attributes of the new policy-based fi nancial institutions of the land bank,clarifying the principle of appropriate government intervention,accelerating the separate legislation of the"Land Bank Law",formulating a unifi ed upper law and supervisory body,optimizing the allocation of legislative powers between the central and local governments,and clarifying the relationship between fairness and effi ciency,and other specifi c measures to deal with the diffi culties in practice.In order to construct the legal system of rural land bank smoothly and contribute to the development of rural economy.

关 键 词：农村金融 乡村振兴 土地银行 土地银行法律制度 

分 类 号：F830[经济管理—金融学]