广西某尾矿回收微细粒锡石浮选试验研究  

Experimental Research on Recovery of Fine Cassiterite from Tailings in Guangxi

作　　者：莫广得 廖幸锦 陈建华 MO Guangde;LIAO Xingjin;CHEN Jianhua(School of Resources,Environment and Materials,State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学资源环境与材料学院省部共建特色金属与组合结构全寿命安全国家重点实验室,南宁530004 [2]广西大学化学化工学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《有色金属（选矿部分）》2024年第6期70-77,共8页Nonferrous Metals（Mineral Processing Section）

基　　金：云南科技厅重大科技专项(202202AB080012)。

摘　　要：广西某多金属硫化矿尾矿在-0.013 mm粒级中含量为56.3%,泥化现象严重。其中Sn品位为1.45%,是主要有价金属,主要赋存于-0.013 mm粒级中,含量高达84.76%,以微细粒锡石的形式存在。微细粒锡石具有质量小、比表面积大、表面能高等物理化学性质,使得选矿实践中长期存在回收率低和精矿品质差等问题。本试验主要采用单一捕收剂和组合捕收剂的方案对该矿样展开浮选研究。结果表明,组合捕收剂较单一捕收剂选锡回收率要高,而单一捕收剂获得的锡精矿品位较高。最终决定采用组合捕收剂GXU-Sn2∶GXU-Sn3=1∶2方案进行实验室锡石浮选闭路试验,经“一粗两扫两精”的锡石浮选工艺流程,最终获得锡精矿Sn品位30.92%、回收率81.13%、作业回收率85.06%的选别指标。为了验证实验室试验确定的最佳药剂制度及工艺流程在连续工业生产中的可行性,在广西某选厂的中试车间开展了微细粒锡石扩大连选试验,最终获得锡精矿Sn品位15.07%、回收率74.69%、作业回收率84.88%的选别指标,其结果表明实验室获得的药剂制度可操性强、选别指标稳定。本文通过实验室小试和扩大连选试验,证明了微细粒锡石是可以通过大量浮选试验制定出相应的药剂制度和浮选工艺流程,获得良好的选别指标。这为今后低品位微细粒锡石的高效回收和新型捕收剂的开发提供了一定的技术参考。In Guangxi,apolymetallic sulfide ore tailings sample,highly abundant in-0.013mm particle size,comprises 56.3%of the total,exhibiting severe sliming phenomena.The main valuable metal is Sn with a grade of 1.45%.It mainly exists in the form of fine cassiterite,in-0.013mm particle size,with a distributing rate of 84.76%.Due to its small mass,large specific surface area,and high surface energy,fine cassiterite faces longstanding issues in mineral processing,such as low recovery and poor concentrate quality.This study primarily investigated fine cassiterite flotation behaviour using both single collectors and collector combinations.The results showed that the collector combination achieved higher tin recovery than the single collector,although the latter provided a higher grade of tin concentrate.The experiment adopted a collector combination ratio of GXU-Sn2∶GXU-Sn3=1∶2for the laboratory lockedcycle test,achieving a final tin concentrate grade of 30.92%and a total recovery of 81.13%,with a flotation recovery of 85.06%through a process of“one rougher,two cleaners,and two scavengers”.To confirm the feasibility of the optimal reagent scheme and flowsheet determined in the laboratory for continuous industrial production,extended pilot tests on fine cassiterite were conducted in a pilot plant in Guangxi,ultimately yielding a tin concentrate with a grade of 15.07%,a total recovery of 74.69%,and a flotation recovery of 84.88%.These results affirm that the laboratory-developed reagent scheme is operable and stable in flotation indicators.Through laboratory-scale trials and extended continuous pilot tests,it was demonstrated that fine cassiterite could be efficiently recovered through extensive flotation experiments with the proper reagent scheme and flowsheet.This provides valuable technical reference for the future efficient recovery of low-grade fine tin ores and the development of novel collectors.

关 键 词：微细粒锡石 单一捕收剂 组合捕收剂 

分 类 号：TD952[矿业工程—选矿]