乙二胺四亚甲基磷酸对铜砷分离效果评价及机理研究  

Study on the Evaluation and Mechanism of the Effect of Ethylenediamine Tetramethylene Phosphoric Acid in the Cu-As Separation

作　　者：葛瑞琦 杨丙桥 罗惠华[1] 周芳[1] 胡杨甲 GE Ruiqi;YANG Bingqiao;LUO Huihua;ZHOU Fang;HU Yangjia(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430073,China;BGRIMM Technology Group,Beijing 100160,China;State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing,Beijing 102628,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学资源与安全工程学院,武汉430073 [2]矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京100160 [3]矿物加工科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京102628

出　　处：《有色金属（选矿部分）》2024年第6期124-131,共8页Nonferrous Metals（Mineral Processing Section）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52074196);武汉工程大学研究生教育创新基金(CX2022584)。

摘　　要：自然界中的砷黄铁矿常与黄铜矿伴生,且在冶炼过程中砷黄铁矿中的砷元素极易渗出,一旦流入自然界不仅会污染环境还会严重影响人体健康,因此实现砷黄铁矿与黄铜矿的分离具有重要意义。浮选是分离这两种矿物最为高效且常用的手段。由于砷黄铁矿的可浮性与黄铜矿相似,目前通常借助抑制剂采取抑砷浮铅的方式对二者进行分离。铜砷分离过程中常用的无机抑制剂存在选择性差、毒害性强且污染环境等弊端。因此开发一种清洁、高效、无毒的抑制剂是当前铜砷分离的关键。开发乙二胺四亚甲基磷酸(EDTMP)在铜砷分离过程中作为一种新型砷黄铁矿抑制剂,通过单矿物浮选试验以及混合矿浮选试验验证了EDTMP的浮选性能,通过Zeta电位、红外光谱以及XPS分析测试揭示了EDTMP在砷黄铁矿与黄铜矿表面的作用机理。浮选试验表明,使用EDTMP作抑制剂在pH值为10且SIBX浓度为200 mg/L的条件下,可以有效抑制砷黄铁矿的上浮而几乎不影响黄铜矿。Zeta电位和红外光谱测试结果表明,EDTMP更倾向于吸附在砷黄铁矿表面并且阻碍SIBX的吸附。XPS结果表明EDTMP以P—O—Fe键的形式化学吸附在砷黄铁矿表面,而在黄铜矿表面的作用是一种较弱的物理吸附。EDTMP是一种新型高效的砷黄铁矿抑制,与传统的抑制剂相比具有高效、清洁、环保的特点。In nature,arsenopyrite commonly acts as a companion mineral of chalcopyrite.As the arsenic in arsenopyrite easily exudes during the smelting process,arsenic will not only pollute the environment but also seriously affect human health once it flows into the nature,so it is important to realize the separation of arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite.Flotation is the most efficient and commonly used means to separate these two minerals.As the floatability of arsenopyrite is similar to that of chalcopyrite,the two are usually separated using depressants to suppress arsenic and float copper.The commonly used inorganic depressants in the separation process of copper and arsenic have drawbacks such as poor selectivity,strong toxicity,and environmental pollution.Therefore,the development of a clean,efficient and non-toxic inhibitor is the key to the separation of copper and arsenic.Ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphoric acid(EDTMP)was developed as a novel depressant of arsenopyrite to achieve the separation of arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite.Micro-flotation experiments and artificial mixture flotation tests verified the flotation performance of EDTMP,and the mechanisms of EDTMP adsorbed on arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite surface were revealed by Zeta potential,FTIR spectrum,and XPS measurements.The flotation experiments revealed that EDTMP could effectively depress the flotation of arsenopyrite without affecting chalcopyrite at pH=10and SIBX concentration of 200mg/L,and the results of zeta potential and FTIR spectrum indicated that EDTMP is preferred to adsorb on arsenopyrite,which hindered the adsorption between SIBX and arsenopyrite.XPS results showed that EDTMP chemisorbed on arsenopyrite surface in the form of P—O—Fe bonds,while EDTMP weakly physisorbed on chalcopyrite surface.EDTMP was a novel arsenopyrite depressant,which was highly efficient,clean,and environmentally friendly compared to traditional depressants.

关 键 词：抑制剂 砷黄铁矿 黄铜矿 浮选 铜砷分离 

分 类 号：TD952[矿业工程—选矿]