基于DEM数据预处理的小流域泥石流防治工程效果分析——以漳县方家沟泥石流为例  

Analysis of debris flow engineering treatment effect based on DEM data preprocessing in small watershed:A case study of Fangjiagou debris flow,Zhangxian County

作　　者：渠敬凯 杨为民[1,3,4] 申俊峰 张春山[1,3,4] 万飞鹏[1,2,3] 马思琦 徐传成 唐海兵 QU Jingkai;YANG Weimin;SHEN Junfeng;ZHANG Chunshan;WAN Feipeng;MA Siqi;XU Chuancheng;TANG Haibing(Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;School of Earth Science and Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological Safety,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100081,China;Research Center of Neotectonism and Crustal Stability,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京100081 [2]中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [3]自然资源部活动构造与地质安全重点实验室,北京100081 [4]中国地质调查局新构造与地壳稳定性研究中心,北京10081

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2024年第4期206-219,共14页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0902)。

摘　　要：2013年7月22日岷县—漳县6.6级地震后,漳县方家沟爆发泥石流。为减轻泥石流的潜在危害,2015年在沟内修建了三级拦挡坝和排导槽,以调节泥石流峰值流量,减轻对下游堆积扇保护对象的威胁。当前研究区防治工程是基于前期泥石流发育特征所设计,未来防治效果有待检验。在野外调查的基础上,采用双线性插值法精细化处理DEM数据,结合高精度遥感影像,重新构建了方家沟小流域的拦挡坝以及地形模型,运用FLO-2D软件模拟分析了不同降水概率条件下方家沟泥石流的运动特征和危险性,以评价方家沟泥石流防治工程治理效果。结果表明:随着降雨强度的逐渐增大,拦挡坝对于泥石流的停淤能力逐渐增强,泥石流均未越过拦挡坝;泥石流流速限制效率达到了80.1%,大大弱化了泥石流冲击破坏能力;泥石流高危险区面积降低了约45.34%,有效地减小了泥石流的影响范围。综上所述,在构建方家沟拦挡坝的模拟条件下泥石流拦挡工程治理效果显著,研究成果可为类似小流域泥石流拦挡工程可行性检验提供借鉴。After the Minxian-Zhangxian magnitude 6.6 earthquake on July 22,2013,debris flow occurred in Fangjiagou,Zhangxian County.To reduce the potential damage of debris flow,a three-level check dam and drainage channel were built in the gully to regulate the peak flow of debris flow and reduce the threat to the downstream accumulation fan protection objects.However,The control project currently in place in the study area has been designed based on the characteristics of previous debris flow occurrences,and its effectiveness for future incidents remains to be tested.This study used the bilinear interpolation method to fine process DEM data of high-precision remote sensing image,reconstructed the check dam and topographic model of Fangjiagou small watershed,and adopted FLO-2D software to simulate and analyze the movement characteristics and risk of Fangjiagou debris flow under different precipitation probability conditions;the effect of debris flow control project thus then was evaluated.The results show that:As the intensity of rainfall gradually increases,the desilting ability of the barrier dam for debris flow increases gradually,and the debris flow does not pass the barrier dam.The limiting efficiency of flow rate of debris flow is 80.1%,which greatly weakens the impact of failure ability of debris flow.The area with a high risk of debris flow is reduced by 45.34%,which effectively reduces the influence range of debris flow.This study presents that the debris flow blocking project has a remarkable treatment effect under the simulation condition of Fangjiagou dam construction,which can provide effective guidance for the feasibility test of debris flow blocking projects in similar small watersheds.

关 键 词：方家沟泥石流 DEM数据处理 双线性插值法 FLO-2D 危险性分析 治理效果 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学] P642.5