两株耐热有机质降解芽孢杆菌分离鉴定  

Isolation and Identification of Two Strains of Heat-Resistant Organic Matter Degrading Bacillus

作　　者：袁伟涛 张婷[1] 马翠柳 王凯英[1] 刘晗璐 YUAN Weitao;ZHANG Ting;MA Cuiliu;WANG Kaiying;LIU Hanlu(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences CAAS,Special Animal Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization Innovation Center,Jilin Engineering Research Center of Special Animal Microbial Feed,Jilin Changchun 130112,China;Chifeng College,Inner Mongolia Chifeng 024000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,特种动物饲养及综合利用创新中心,吉林省特种动物微生物饲料工程研究中心,吉林长春130112 [2]赤峰学院,内蒙古赤峰024000

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第13期112-120,共9页Feed Industry

基　　金：毛皮动物粪污无害化处理及资源化高效利用技术研究与示范项目[21327308D];吉林省科技厅发展计划项目[20200301019RQ]。

摘　　要：试验旨在筛选得到耐高温可降解多种有机质的芽孢杆菌。在中国农业科学院特产研究所左家试验基地采集貉子粪堆样,经富集培养后在高温条件下分离得到两株芽孢杆菌,通过形态学鉴定、生理生化试验、16S rRNA测序分析确定分离株种属,并对分离菌株进行生长曲线、抗逆性、耐药性和有机质分解测试。结果表明:两株芽孢杆菌分别为解硫胺素芽孢杆菌(ZJFD007)和暹罗芽孢杆菌(ZJFD011),具有较好的生长性能、耐高温和蛋白质水解能力,其中暹罗芽孢杆菌表现出对pH变化的适应性、耐盐以及水解蛋白质、淀粉、纤维素的能力,药敏试验显示,两株分离株均对多黏菌素B耐药,解硫铵素芽孢杆菌还对丁胺卡那、卡那霉素耐药,暹罗芽孢杆菌还对青霉素、氨苄西林、哌拉西林和呋喃唑酮具耐药性。表明两株芽孢杆菌在制备有机废弃物降解高效复合菌剂上,具有良好的应用前景和经济价值。This experiment aims to screen and obtain two strains of spore-forming bacteria that are resistant to high temperatures and capable of degrading various types of organic matter.Samples of natural compost from raccoon dog feces were collected at the experimental base of Zuojia in the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.Two strains of Bacillus spores were isolated under high-temperature conditions after enrichment cultivation.The strains were identified at the genus level through morphological identification,physiological and biochemical tests,and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis.Growth curves,stress resistance,antibiotic resistance,and organic matter degradation tests were conducted on the isolated strains.The results indicate that two strains of Bacillus spores were identified as Aneurinibacillus(ZJFD007) and Bacillus siamensis(ZJFD011).Both isolated strains exhibited excellent growth performance,high-temperature resistance,and protein hydrolysis ability.Among them,Bacillus siamensis showed adaptability to pH changes,salt tolerance,and the ability to hydrolyze proteins,starch,and cellulose.Both isolated strains were only resistant to polymyxin B in antibiotic susceptibility tests.Aneurinibacillus was also resistance to amikacin and kanamycin,while Bacillus siamensis exhibited resistance to penicillin,ampicillin,piperacillin,and fluconazole.These findings suggest that the two Bacillus strains have promising applications and economic value in the preparation of efficient composite microbial agents for degrading organic waste.

关 键 词：芽孢杆菌 菌株分离 鉴定 耐热 有机质降解 

分 类 号：S816.3[农业科学—饲料科学]