个人破产中债权可免责性的类型化构建——以社会风险分配为分析视角  

The Construction of Personal Bankruptcy Exemption System in the Typed Context:From the Perspective of Social Risk Allocation

作　　者：周栩 ZHOU Xu(School of Economic Law,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 201600,China)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学经济法学院,上海201600

出　　处：《山东青年政治学院学报》2024年第4期48-57,共10页Journal of Shandong Youth University of Political Science

摘　　要：个人破产免责制度的构建不仅涉及债务人与债权人之间的概括性债务清理,更是一次对违约风险的社会性再分配,会产生社会整体经济层面上的事前效应。就具体规范构建而言,应采用一般破产主义以实现对于所有自然人的平等保护。然而,出于实质正义与社会效率上的考量,应根据债权债务关系的固有属性进行分类、根据债务运行以及危机救助的基本规律提供不同的救助免责体系,依据社会风险分担理论,将债务违约风险交由能以最小成本预防的一方承担,以促进社会效率的最大化。The construction of a personal bankruptcy exemption system involves not only a generalized liquidation of debt between debtors and creditors but also a social redistribution of the risk of default,yielding ex-ante effects at the level of the overall economy.In terms of establishing specific norms,general bankruptcy should be adopted to ensure equal protection for all natural persons.However,for considerations of substantive justice and social efficiency,the debt relationship should be classified according to its inherent attributes,and different exemption systems should be provided according to the basic laws of debt operation and crisis relief,so that the risk of debt default can be borne by the party that can prevent it at the least cost,according to the theory of social risk sharing,so as to maximize social efficiency.

关 键 词：个人破产免责 类型化 外生风险 非自愿之债 金融债务 

分 类 号：D923.99[政治法律—民商法学]