垂直潜流人工湿地净化水中镉、氮、磷效果及机理  

Removal Performance and Mechanism of Cd,N and P by Vertical Subsurface Constructed Wetland

作　　者：沙海超 李杰[1] 向茹滢 王亮钦 刘迎九[1] 曾涛涛[1] SHA Haichao;LI Jie;XIANG Ruying;WANG Liangqin;LIU Yingjiu;ZENG Taotao(Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Technology,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学,污染控制与资源化技术湖南省高校重点实验室,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《水处理技术》2024年第7期108-114,126,共8页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52170164);湖南省科技创新计划资助(2022RC1184);湖南省研究生科研创新项目资助(QL20210226)。

摘　　要：矿山区域因降雨形成含镉(Cd)、氮(N)和磷(P)混合废水,对生态和人类构成威胁,本文探求一种高效人工湿地净化装置并进行机理研究。设置“生物炭(BC)+土壤+菖蒲”试验装置(CWSPB),选择“土壤+菖蒲”(CWSP)与“BC+土壤”(CWSB)装置对照。结果表明,CWSPB对Cd、NH_(4)^(+)-N和TP去除效果最好,平均去除率分别为98.65%±1.90%、72.77%±19.35%和74.46%±16.06%。CaCl_(2)和Tessier提取法表明CWSPB土壤中Cd稳定性最好。FTIR和XPS分析表明,BC表面官能团-COOH、-OH和-C=O以及离子HPO_(4)^(2-)、PO_(4)^(3-)、OH^(-)、CO_(3)^(2-)参与Cd去除。微生物群落分析表明门水平细菌变形菌、拟杆菌、厚壁菌和真菌担子菌、毛霉菌及属水平细菌普雷沃氏菌、不动杆菌和真菌青霉菌、曲霉菌、木霉菌、紫球菌相对丰度增加明显。研究显示由BC、土壤和菖蒲组成的人工湿地在处理Cd、N、P废水有较好效果与潜力。The mine wastewater contains cadmium(Cd),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)due to runoff,which poses a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health.This study investigated the efficiency and mechanism of constructed wetlands(CW)for the purification of wastewater containing Cd,N and P.The"BC+soil+Iris pseudacorus"(CWSPB)test device was used for the experiments,and the devices of"soil+Iris pseudacorus"(CWSP)and"BC+soil"(CWSB)were set as control.The results showed that the CWSPB had the best removal efficiency on Cd,NH_(4)^(+)-N and TP,with average removal efficiencies of 98.65%±1.90%,72.77%±19.35%and 74.46%±16.06%,respectively.CaCl_(2)and Tessier's extraction results showed that the more stable Cd was presented in CWSPB.FTIR and XPS analysis of BC indicated that the surface functional groups of-COOH,-OH,-C=O and ions of HPO_(4)^(2-),PO_(4)^(3-),OH^(-),CO_(3)^(2-)were involved in the removal of Cd.Microbial community analysis indicated that the relative abundances of bacteria of Proteobacteria,Bacteroidota,Firmicutes and fungi of Basidiomycota,Mucoromycota increased at the phyla level.The relative abundances of the bacteria of Prevotella,Acinetobacter and fungi of Penicillium,Aspergillus,Trichoderma,Purpureocillium increased evident at the genus level.This study showed that the constructed wetland consisting of BC,soil and Iris pseudacorus has satisfactory removal efficiency for the treatment of Cd,N and P wastewater.

关 键 词：人工湿地 垂直潜流 镉 氮 磷 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]