不同离子交换膜在电渗析技术中的应用评价研究  

Application Evaluation of Different Ion Exchange Membranes in Electrodialysis Technology

作　　者：和莉颖 李辉 刘卫卫 邹涛 黎爽 杨朔 HE Liying;LI Hui;LIU Weiwei;ZOU Tao;LI Shuang;YANG Shuo(Institute of Analysis and Testing,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology(Beijing Center for Physical&Chemical Analysis),Beijing 100089,China;Hebei Mingbang Pengda Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd,Zhuozhou 072750,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市科学技术研究院分析测试研究所(北京市理化分析测试中心),北京100089 [2]河北铭榜鹏达环保科技有限公司,河北涿州072750

出　　处：《水处理技术》2024年第7期120-126,共7页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：北京市科学技术研究院萌芽计划(23CE-BGS-02)。

摘　　要：选用三种不同工艺制备的离子交换膜,详细考察对比不同膜片的微观形貌、热稳定性、含水量、离子交换容量、离子选择透过性、面电阻等理化性质,系统评价不同膜片在盐浓缩电渗析技术中的应用性能。结果表明,流延法和拉伸法均相膜结构相对致密且均一,孔径分布集中在10 nm以下,元素分布均匀,具有较低的面电阻和能耗,较高的离子选择透过率、电流效率和盐通量;且拉伸法均相膜横向致密、纵向疏松的结构更有利于降低面电阻和能耗,增加电流效率和盐通量。热压法异相膜具有多相结构,膜较厚,且含有一些大孔(<6μm),面电阻和能耗约是均相膜的2倍,同时离子选择透过率、电流效率和盐通量均较低。所选用离子交换膜均能达到在电渗析脱盐应用中对材料热稳定性的要求。研究结果可为电渗析用离子交换膜的结构设计、制备工艺等提供参考。Three kinds of ion exchange membranes fabricated with different preparation processes were characterized in detail,and the microscopic morphology,thermal stability,wettability,ion exchange count,ion perm selectivity and area resistance of these membranes were compared.Then the performance of the membranes for electrodialysis(ED)for salt concentration application was systematically evaluated.The results indicated that the homogeneous membranes prepared via the casting process and stretching process have relatively dense and uniform structures,the pore size distribution is concentrated below 10 nm,and the element distribution is uniform,leading to low area resistance and energy consumption,high perm selectivity,current efficiency and processing capacity.Moreover,for the membrane prepared via the stretching process,the dense structure of lateral direction and loose structure of vertical structure helped lower the area resistance and energy consumption and increase current efficiency and processing capacity.By contrast,the heterogeneous membranes prepared via the hot-press process have packing particles,high thickness and some macropores(<6μm),resulting in high area resistance and energy consumption(about 2 times of the homogeneous membranes),also with the low perm selectivity,current efficiency and processing capacity.The membranes involved in this work all met the requirement of thermal stability in the ED process.The results can provide a reference for the structure design and fabrication process of ion exchange membranes for ED.

关 键 词：电渗析 离子交换膜 微观结构 脱盐性能 应用评价 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]